p.16
draw /drɔː $ drɒː/
I love
reading comics and
doing sport.
I don’t really like doing the ironing.
This week I need to
buy a new fridge.
I want to learn to
program a computer.
I don’t really enjoy being cold.
arrangement /əˈreɪndʒmənt/ UK
US
• arrangements sustantivo plural
preparativos, planes
the arrangements for the party
los preparativos para la fiesta
department /dɪˈpɑːtmənt/
p. 17
What time do you want to
meet?
Sounds good
square /skweə/ UK US
plaza
There's a market in the square
every Friday.
Hay
mercado en la plaza todos los viernes.
Homework: read
the text on page 67
Comparative and superlative adjectives: form
One-syllable adjectives (big, cold, hot, long, nice, old, tall)
To form the comparative,
we use the -er
suffix with adjectives of one syllable:
It’s colder today than yesterday.
Sasha is older than Mark.
To form the superlative,
we use the -est
suffix with adjectives of one syllable. We normally use the before a superlative adjective:
I think that’s the
biggest apple I’ve
ever seen!
At one time, the Empire State building in New York was
the tallest
building in the world.
They have three boys. Richard is the oldest and Simon is the youngest.
Spelling of comparatives and superlatives with
one-syllable adjectives
|
type
of adjective
|
comparative
|
superlative
|
|
most
adjectives
|
add -er:cheaper,richer,smaller,younger
|
add -est:cheapest,richest,smallest,youngest
|
|
adjectives
ending in -e
|
add -r: finer,nicer, rarer
|
add -st:finest,nicest,rarest
|
|
adjectives with one vowel + one consonant:
|
double the final consonant and add -er:bigger,hotter, thinner
|
double the final consonant and add -est:biggest,hottest,thinnest
|
Note the pronunciation of these comparatives and
superlatives:
1.
long /lɒŋ/ longer /lɒŋgə(r)/ longest/lɒŋgəst/
2.
strong /strɒŋ/ stronger /strɒŋgə(r)/strongest /strɒŋgəst/
3.
young /jʌŋ/ younger /jʌŋgə(r)/youngest /jʌŋgəst/
Some one-syllable adjectives have irregular
comparative and superlative forms:
1.
bad, worse, worst
2.
far, farther/further, farthest/furthest
3.
good, better, best
4.
old, older/elder, oldest/eldest
The morning flight is better than
the afternoon one.
His elder sister
works for the government.
Olivia is Denise’s best friend.
I think that was the worst film
I’ve ever seen!
Pluto is the furthest planet
from the sun in our solar system.
Two-syllable adjectives
Two-syllable adjectives ending in -ychange y to i and
take the -er and -estendings:
|
busy, busier,busiest
|
happy, happier,happiest
|
|
easy, easier,easiest
|
funny, funnier,funniest
|
We were busier last
week than this week.
Are you happier now
that you’ve changed your job?
That was the easiest exam
I’ve ever taken.
Some other two-syllable adjectives (especially those
ending in an unstressed vowel sound) can also take the -er and -est endings:
|
clever, cleverer,cleverest
|
quiet, quieter,quietest
|
|
narrow, narrower,narrowest
|
simple, simpler,simplest
|
I’ve always thought that Donald
was cleverer than his brother.
This new bed is narrower than
the old one.
The guest bedroom is the
quietest room in the house because it overlooks the garden.
We don’t normally use the -er and –est
endings with two-syllable adjectives ending in -ful. Instead, we use more and most/least:
This dictionary is more useful than the one
we had before.
Not: This dictionary is usefuller …
You’ll have to try to be more
careful in the future.
The most useful tool in the kitchen is a good sharp knife.
Not: The usefulest tool in the kitchen …
This is the least
harmful chemical in terms of the environment.
Longer adjectives
Adjectives of three or more syllables form the
comparative with more/less and the superlative with most/least:
The second lecture was more interesting than the first.
Not: The second lecture was interestinger …
If you are going as a group, the least expensive option is to rent an apartment or villa.
Comparatives
This car is bigger than
this other car.
Today she is hap-pier
than yesterday (happy).
My sister is cle-verer than me.
She is more intelligent than us.
Superlatives
This car is the biggest.
Today she is the happiest person in the world.
My sister is the cleverest in the family.
She is the most intelligent teacher.
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