Tuesday, October 31, 2017

NI2 31/10/17

Move forward


ˌfed ˈup UK  US  adjetivo (informal)
harto -a
I'm  fed up with  being treated like a servant.
Estoy harta de que me traten como a una sirvienta.
to get fed up with sth hartarse/aburrirse de algo

p.16


nightmare /ˈnaɪtmeə/ UK  US  sustantivo
pesadilla

like1 /laɪk/ ●●● S1 W1 preposition  
1 SIMILAR similar to something else, or happening in the same way 
Her hair is dark brown like mine. 
A club should be like a big family. 
He eats like a pig!
look/sound/feel/taste/seem like 
The garden looked like a jungle. 
At last he felt like a real soldier. 
My experience is very much like that described in the book. 
He’s very like his brother. 
Sometimes you sound just like (=exactly like) my mum! 
He’s growing more like his father every day. 
He looked nothing like (=not at all like) the man in the police photograph.
2 → what is somebody/something like?

Linking verbs

Look + adj
Seem + adj
Sound + as if + clause
Sound + a noun
Look + like + clause

- She grew some vegetables in her garden.
- She grew stronger every day after the break up.
En la primera frase, "grew some veggies" expresa una acción, mientras que la segunda "grew stronger" da información sobre el sujeto.

- I smell the flowers.
- The flowers smell lovely.

En la primera yo realizo la acción de oler las flores, y en la segunda, se indica una cualidad de las flores.
linking verbs show a relationship between the subject of the sentence and a noun or adjective being linked to it.
To check if these are being used as linking verbs, try replacing them with the correct form of to be. If they make sense and have almost the same meaning, they are linking verbs.

Laurie appears tired.
Laurie  is tired.


how come?
used to ask someone why or how something happened
How come you’ve ended up here?
‘Last I heard, she was teaching in Mexico.’ ‘How come?’
How come Mrs Wall-Eye know my name? (=why does Mrs Wall know my name?)
How come the sky is blue? (Why is the sky blue?)


Slave
I work as a slave
I work like a slave (very hard)
He eats like a pig

p. 17
run over phrasal verb
1 run somebody/something ↔ over to hit someone or something with a vehicle, and drive over them
 He was run over and killed by a bus.
 She got run over outside the school.

split up phrasal verb
1 if people split up, or if someone splits them up, they end a marriage or relationship with each other
 Steve’s parents split up when he was four.
with
 I thought she’d split up with her boyfriend

influenzaɪnfluˈenzə/ noun [uncountable] medical 
an infectious disease that is like a very bad cold
SYN flu


shame /ʆeɪm/ UK  US  sustantivo & verbo
  sustantivo
1 what a shame! ¡qué lástima!
it's a shame (that) es una lástima que
2 vergüenza
I thought I would die of shame.
Creí que me moría de vergüenza.
3 shame on you! ¡debería darte vergüenza!

relief /rɪˈliːf/ UK  US  sustantivo
1 alivio
to my/our etc great relief
por suerte, para mi/nuestro etc gran alivio
be a pain (in the neck)
(also be a pain in the ass/arse/backside/butt not polite) spoken
to be very annoying
 There were times when Joe could be a real pain in the neck.
 It’s a pain, having to go upstairs to make the coffee every time.

due /djuː $ duː/ ●●● S1 W1 adjective 
1 EXPECTED [not before noun] expected to happen or arrive at a particular time
due to do something
 The team are due to fly to Italy next month.
 His new book is due to be published next year.
due in/on/at
 She’s pregnant and the baby’s due in April.
 The final results of the experiment are due on December 9.



I’ve sold that house at a very low price.

NA2 31/10/17


lump /lʌmp/ ●●○ noun [countable] 
1 a small piece of something solid, without a particular shape
 Strain the custard to remove lumps.
lump of
 Melt a lump of butter in your frying-pan.

2 a small hard swollen area that sticks out from someone’s skin or grows in their body, usually because of an illness
 You should never ignore a breast lump.

armpit
ˈsugar cube noun [countable] 
a sugar Gump

p. 21

gen‧re /ˈʒɒnrə $ ˈʒɑːnrə/ 

give somebody the creeps
if a person or place gives you the creeps, they make you feel nervous and a little frightened, especially because they are strange

That house gives me the creeps.

thriller /ˈθrɪlə $ -ər/ ●●○ noun [countable] 
a book or film that tells an exciting story about murder or crime

all sorts (of something) (=a lot of different types of things)

The new catacomb (story)

take the first/a wrong etc turn (=go along the first etc road)

wom‧an‧izer (also womaniser British English) /ˈwʊmənaɪzə $ -ər/ 
noun [countable]  a man who has sexual relationships with many different women – used to show disapproval → man-eater

revenge is a dish best served cold

be of French/Russian/Italian etc extraction

to be from a French, Russian, etc, family even though you were not born in that country

NI1 31/10/17

p.8

parent /ˈpeərənt/ UK  US  sustantivo
 padre o madre indistintamente
my parents->mis padres

ˌsingle ˈparent UK  US  sustantivo
1 padre/madre soltero -a
2  single-parent family familia monoparental

stepmother /ˈstepmʌðə/ UK  US  sustantivo
madrastra

stepfather /ˈstepfɑːðə/ UK  US  sustantivo
padrastro

godmother /ˈgɒdmʌðə/ UK  US  sustantivo
madrina

goddaughter /ˈgɒddɔːtə/ UK  US  sustantivo
ahijada

ˈin-laws UK  US  sustantivo plural (informal)
suegros

ˈson-in-law UK  US  sustantivo (plural sons-in law)
yerno

child /tʆaɪld/ UK  US  sustantivo (plural children)
1 niño -a
a four-year-old child
un niño de cuatro años
children's TV
televisión infantil

as a child de pequeño -a, de niño -a
2 hijo -a, niño -a
They have three children.
Tienen tres hijos.
to be an only child ser hijo -a único -a

child->children

ox /ɒks/ UK  US  sustantivo (plural oxen)
buey

nuclear family = immediate family
extended family

grandchild /ˈgræntʆaɪld/ UK  US  sustantivo (plural -children)
nieto -a

grandson / daughter


survey1 /ˈsɜːveɪ/ UK  US  sustantivo
1 encuesta, estudio

Change for the better

expect /ɪkˈspekt/ UK  US  verbo [transitivo]
1 esperar
You don't expect me to pay, do you?
No esperarás que pague yo ¿no?

to expect to do sth
I don't expect to see him again.
No creo que vuelva a verlo.

I expect to be there by lunchtime.
Calculo que estaré allí antes de la hora de comer.

decline /dɪˈklaɪn/ UK  US  sustantivo & verbo
  sustantivo
1 descenso
a  decline in  profits
un descenso en los beneficios


percent, también per cent /pəˈsent/ UK  US  adjetivo & adverbio
por ciento
Unemployment is down four percent
El paro ha bajado un cuatro por ciento.
a hundred percent/one hundred percent cien por cien

average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ UK  US  adjetivo, sustantivo & verbo
  adjetivo
1 medio -a
His average speed was 110 mph.
Iba a una velocidad media de 110 millas por hora.
the average family
la familia tipo/la familia media
2 mediocre, regular
 •  sustantivo
media, promedio
on average como media, como promedio

argue /ˈɑːgjuː/ UK  US  verbo
1  [intransitivo] discutir, pelearse
I could hear them arguing in the next room.
Los oía discutir en la habitación de al lado.

Revision examen inicial:


queue /kjuː/ UK  US  sustantivo & verbo
  sustantivo BrE
cola [de personas], caravana [de coches]
 •  verbo [intransitivo]
 (también queue up) BrE hacer cola

checkout /ˈtʆek-aʊt/ UK  US  sustantivo
caja [en un supermercado]

when flights are delayed

waste /weɪst/ UK  US  sustantivo, verbo &  adjetivo
 •  sustantivo
1 desperdicio
What a waste!
¡Qué desperdicio!
2 a waste of time una pérdida de tiempo
The meeting was a waste of time.
La reunión fue una pérdida de tiempo.
3 it was a waste of money fue tirar el dinero
That car was a waste of money.
Comprar ese coche ha sido tirar el dinero.
 adjetivo
waste products materiales de desecho

convenient /kənˈviːniənt/ UK  US  adjetivo
práctico -a, bien situado -a
The house is  convenient for  the school.

La casa está en un sitio muy práctico para ir al colegio.

Monday, October 30, 2017

NB2 30/10/17


Self-employed
Part-time job
Vocational training


p. 66 / 67

kind /kaɪnd/ UK  US  sustantivo &  adjetivo
 •  sustantivo
1 tipo, clase
all kinds of todo tipo/toda clase de
2 a kind of una especie de

 •  adjetivo (-der, -dest)
amable, bueno -a
They've been so  kind to  me.
Han sido tan amables conmigo.

his‧to‧ry /ˈhɪstəri/ 

useful /ˈjuːsfəl/ UK  US  adjetivo
 útil

Internet friends -  real-life friends

Be nice to me


photographer /fəˈtɒgrəfə/ UK  US  sustantivo
fotógrafo -a


college /ˈkɒlɪdʒ/ UK  US  sustantivo


En Gran Bretaña  college designa tres cosas diferentes. Es una institución de enseñanza superior, a menudo dedicada a un área de estudio en particular, como un Art College (Escuela de Bellas Artes) o el  Royal College of Music, el conservatorio de música situado en Londres. También es el nombre de cada una de las instituciones que forman parte de universidades como Oxford y Cambridge (como King's College, de la Universidad de Cambridge). Por último, también hay  colleges donde se pueden estudiar asignaturas de los últimos años de la enseñanza secundaria.

En Estados Unidos un  college  equivale a una facultad dentro de una universidad, por ejemplo el  College of Arts and Sciences at NYU  (Facultad de Letras y Ciencias de la Universidad de Nueva York). También se usa como sinónimo de universidad, como en:

 She wants to go to college.
 Quiere ir a la universidad.

ˈchat room noun [countable]  a place on the Internet where you can write messages to other people 


confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ UK  US  adjetivo
1 seguro -a (de sí mismo -a)

2 to be confident of sth estar seguro -a de algo
We are confident of winning.
Estamos seguros de que ganaremos.

After a preposition the verb takes the ing form
I’m tired of studying
I’m interested in going to the meeting


loud /laʊd/ UK  US  adjetivo &  adverbio
 •  adjetivo
1  alto -a, fuerte [ruido, música, etc.]
2  chillón -ona [color], llamativo -a [ropa]

reliable /rɪˈlaɪəbəl/ UK  US  adjetivo
1  fiable [estadísticas, una máquina, etc.]
reliable sources fuentes fidedignas
2  responsable, digno -a de confianza [persona]

clever /ˈklevə/ UK  US  adjetivo
1 inteligente, perspicaz
She's much cleverer than her sister.
Es mucho más inteligente que su hermana.
2 hábil
3  ingenioso -a [idea, solución, etc.]

confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ UK  US  adjetivo
1 seguro -a (de sí mismo -a)


laugh /lɑːf/ UK  US  verbo & sustantivo
 •  verbo [intransitivo]
reírse, reír
I couldn't stop laughing.
No podía parar de reírme.

quite /kwaɪt/
qui‧et /ˈkwaɪət/
en‧gi‧neer /ˌendʒəˈnɪə $ -ˈnɪr/
re‧li‧a‧ble /rɪˈlaɪəbəl/ 

trust /trʌst/ UK  US  
  verbo
1  [transitivo] confiar en
I trust her completely.
Confío plenamente en ella.


NA2 30/10 /17


p.21
Racing career
Rivalry /ˈraɪvəlri/
Charity work
Falls to Senna side

Felt superior
Acted unfairly


gripping /ˈgrɪpɪŋ/ UK  US  adjetivo
absorbente

Superior / inferior to any other driver
Froms his early wins
Big rivalry
You come down to Senna side
You feel sympathetic towards Senna
archive /ˈɑːkaɪv $ ˈɑːr-/
footage /ˈfʊtɪdʒ/ ●○○ noun [uncountable] 
cinema film showing a particular event
old footage from the First World War


biasedbiassed /ˈbaɪəst/ ●○○ AWL adjective  
1 unfairly preferring one person or group over another 
Of course I’m biased, but I thought my daughter’s paintings were the best. 
racially biased attitudes
biased against/towards/in favour of 
news reporting that was heavily biased towards the government

unbiased /ʌnˈbaɪəst/ AWL adjective 
unbiased information, advice etc is fair because the person giving it is not influenced by their own or other people’s opinions
SYN impartial
Inaccurate
Unfair
Subjective
Impartial
un‧sym‧pa‧thet‧ic /ˌʌnsɪmpəˈθetɪk/ 
adjective  
1 not kind or helpful to someone who is having problems ►see thesaurus at unkind2 not willing to support an idea, aim etc unsympathetic to/towards 
a government that’s unsympathetic to public opinion
3 an unsympathetic person in a book or play is unpleasant and difficult to like 
an unsympathetic character

take sides
to choose to support one person or group in an argument, and oppose the other one

keep a low profile
to not go to places or be careful not to do anything that will attract attention to yourself or your actions
OPP high profile
He’s not the sort of politician to keep a low profile for long.

thesaurusɪˈsɔːrəs/ noun (plural thesauruses or thesauri /-raɪ/) [countable] 

a book in which words are put into groups with other words that have similar meanings

NB1 30/10/17


thenakedeye-fran.blogspot.com

p. 8 / p. 150
Blackboard – whiteboard - board

pic‧ture /ˈpɪkə $ -ər/

turn off phrasal verb ->(stand up, sit down)
1 turn something ↔ off
Apagar
Turn off the computer, the lights, the car...
OPP turn on

Stop talking, reading, writing...

talk /tɔːk $ tɒːk/
walk /wɔːk $ wɒːk/
work /wɜːk $ wɜːrk/

listen /ˈlɪsən/ 
answer /ˈɑːnsə $ ˈænsər/ 

teacher – pupil, student

Can you spell / repeat that?
I’m early / late.

understand /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ UK  US  verbo (pasado & participio understood)
1  [transitivo/intransitivo] entender, comprender
I'm sorry, I don't understand.
Perdone, pero no le entiendo.
copy /ˈkɒpi/-> photocopy /ˈfəʊtəkɒpi/ UK  US  sustantivo & verbo
 •  sustantivo (plural -pies)
fotocopia

How do you spell it?

Can you spell it?
Can you help me?

I don’t know/nəʊ/
I don’t understand

What page /day / time / colour is it?

Thank you -> you’re welcome

Here you are-> aquí tienes / toma.

What’s the capital of Brazil?
What’s the problem?

The -> el, la, los, las