ain’t /eɪnt/
a short form of ‘am not’, ‘is not’, ‘are not’, ‘has
not’, or ‘have not’, that many
people think is incorrect
ma'am /mæm, mɑːm, məm $ mæm/ noun
1 American English spoken used to address a woman in a
polite and respectful way
- May I help you, ma'am?
2 British English spoken used to address the Queen or
another woman in authority
GRAMMAR: Comparison a few
• A few means ‘a small number, for example two or
three people or things’.
• You use a few before plural nouns:
A few people were waiting.
He called me a few days later.
• You say a few of the:
A few of the people were getting annoyed.
✗Don’t say: A few of people were getting annoyed.
• You say a few of my/her/his etc or a few of
them/us/you:
A few of my friends came too.
A few of us left early.
few
• Few means ‘not many or hardly any’. It emphasizes
how small the number is.
• In formal English, you use few before plural nouns,
without ‘a’:
Few people knew he was ill.
• In everyday English, people usually say not many
instead:
Not many people knew he was ill.
a little
a small amount
- Fortunately I had a little time to spare.
a bit
especially British English informal a small amount of
a substance or of something that is not a physical object SYN a little
a bit of
- I may need a bit of help.
- He still likes to do a bit of gardening.
- I want to spend a bit of time with him before he
goes.
A piece of furniture
A piece of toast / cake / pizza
a slice of pizza /toast
warm clothes
two cages
sign1 /saɪn/ ●●● S1 W1 noun
1 GIVES INFORMATION [countable] a piece of paper,
metal, or wood with words or a picture that gives people information, warnings,
or instructions
- a sign on the door
- road signs
leaf‧let1 /ˈliːflɪt/ ●●○ noun [countable]
a small book or piece of paper advertising something
or giving information on a particular subject
leaflet on
- a leaflet on skin cancer
napkin ring
jug
pick something
↔ up> LEARN to learn something by watching or listening
to other people
- I picked up a few words of Greek when I was there
last year.
come across somebody/something to meet, find, or discover someone or something by chance
- I came across an old diary in her desk.
get on phrasal verb
1 LIKE SOMEBODY especially British English if people
get on, they like each other and have a friendly relationship with each other
with
- I’ve always got on well with Henry.
look up to somebody phrasal
verb
to admire or respect someone
- I’ve always looked up to Bill for his courage and
determination.
Look after somebody/something phrasal verb especially British English
1 to take care of someone by helping them, giving them
what they need, or keeping them safe SYN take care of
- Don’t worry, I’ll look after the kids tomorrow.
take something ↔ up to become
interested in a new activity and to spend time doing it
- Roger took painting up for a while, but soon lost interest.
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