ni2 21-22/5/14

Homework: reading activity, p. 106 (C) + grammar p. 109 (reported speech: a + b) + grammar bank, p. 154

Reporting Verbs

When using reported speech, most students learn to use "say" and "tell":

Examples:

John told me he was going to stay late at work.
Peter said he wanted to visit his parents that weekend.

These forms are perfectly correct for reporting what others have said. However, there are a number of other reporting verbs which can more accurately describe what someone has said. These verbs take a variety of structures. The following list gives you reporting verbs in various categories based on sentence structure. Notice that a number of verbs can take more than one form.

verb object infinitive	verb infinitive	verb (that)
advise encourage invite remind warn	agree decide offer promise refuse threaten	admit agree decide deny explain insist promise recommend suggest
Examples:Jack encouraged me to look for a new job. They invited all their friends to attend the presentation.	Examples:She offered to give him a lift to work. My brother refused to take no for an answer.	Examples:Tom admitted (that) he had tried to leave early. She agreed (that) we needed to reconsider our plans.

verb gerund	verb object preposition gerund	verb preposition gerund
deny recommend suggest	accuse blame congratulate	apologize insist
Examples:He denied having anything to do with her. Ken suggested studying early in the morning.	Examples:They accused the boys of cheating on the exam. She blamed her husband for missing the train.	Examples:He apologized for being late. She insisted on doing the washing up.

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plaster  /ˈplɑːstə r / noun

1 WALLS [ U ] a substance that is spread on walls in order to make them smooth

2 FOR CUTS [ HEALTH ] [ C ] UK ( US Band-Aid trademark ) a small piece of sticky material that you put on cuts on your body

3 be in plaster

[ HEALTH ] UK ( US be in a cast ) If your arm or leg is in plaster, it is covered in a hard, white substance to protect a broken bone.

She had her leg in plaster for three months after the accident.

pneumonia /njuːˈməʊniə/ noun [ U ]

[ HEALTH ] a serious illness in which your lungs fill with liquid and it is difficult to breathe