ni2 23/11/11

increase 1 /ɪnˈkriːs/(V)
increase ['ɪnkrɪ:s] (N)
amount /əˈmaʊnt/
dangerous / ˈdeɪndʒərəs/
reveal /rɪˈviːl/
betray /bɪˈtreɪ/
budget 1 / ˈbʌdʒət / || / ˈbʌdʒɪt/
definitely / ˈdefənətli/ , / ˈdefnətli / || / ˈdefɪnɪtli/
status / ˈstætəs / ||/ ˈsteɪtəs/

Have a say
Ruthless / ˈruːθləs / || / ˈruːθlɪs/ adjetivo ‹enemy› despiadado
ambitious /æmˈbɪʃəs/
principle / ˈprɪnsəpəl/
principal 1 / ˈprɪnsəpəl/

GRAMMAR PRACTICE 3D
1
Would they work longer hours if we paid them more?
If they offered her the job, she would accept it.
I would apply for the job if my boss decided to retire.
If he didn’t agree with their policies, John wouldn’t work for a company.
Would you resign if you didn’t get on well with your colleagues?
I wouldn’t be able to live with myself if I betrayed a colleague.
2
Unless, even if, as long as, whether, as soon as.
…
transfeRRed
inferRRed
referred
…
in a subtle way

nb2 22/11/11

Homework (only for NB2B) grammar bank p.131 and exercise 4, p.33

Can I borrow a pen?
Can you lend me a pen?
…
Builder / ˈbɪldər / || / ˈbɪldə(r)/
Plumber / ˈplʌmər / || / ˈplʌmə(r)/
Electrician /ɪˌlekˈtrɪʃən/
Secret 1 / ˈsiːkrət / || / ˈsiːkrɪt/
Promise 1 / ˈprɑːməs / || / ˈprɒmɪs/
Research 1 /rɪˈsɜːrtʃ/ , / ˈriːsɜːrtʃ / || /rɪˈsɜːtʃ/
Whole 1 /həʊl/=hole
Dentist / ˈdentəst / || / ˈdentɪst/
Swap 1 /swɑːp / ||/swɒp/
Money / ˈmʌni/
Mean 1 /miːn/
Eternal /ɪˈtɜːrnlʲ / || /ɪˈtɜːnlʲ/
Exist /ɪɡˈzɪst/
Journey 1 / ˈdʒɜːrni / || / ˈdʒɜːni/
Either 1 / ˈiːðər/ , / ˈaɪðər / || / ˈiːðə(r)/ , / ˈaɪðə(r)/

I like basket (affirmative)
I ALSO like it / I like it TOO / AS WELL.
I don’t like basket (negative)
I don’t like it EITHER

NEITHER ... NOR ...
Used when mentioning two things that are not true or possible:
Neither Oleg's mother nor his father spoke English.
The equipment is neither accurate nor safe.
! Do not say 'neither ...or ...'. Say not ...or ... or neither ...nor ...: We don't know or care where he is. | Neither he nor his wife eats meat.
I like neither football nor basket

Does it suit me?
Steak /steɪk/
Pipe 1 /paɪp/


P131
ex. 3Ca
1i, 2h, 3a, 4b, 5c, 6d, 7f
ex. 3Ca
Shall I, won’t tell, I‘ll call, I’ll pay, I won’t, Shall I take.

Rainbow
This morning I talked to a friend that I hadn’t seen in a long time.
This morning I talked to an old friend





I know you think that I shouldn't still love you,
Or t____ you that.
But if I didn't say it, well I'd still have felt it
where's the sense in that?
I p_____ I'm not trying to make your life harder
Or r_____ to where we were
I will g_____ down with this ship
And I won't p____ my hands up and surrender
There will be no white flag above my door
I'm in love and always will b_____
I k____ I left too much mess and
destruction to c____ back again
And I caused nothing but trouble
I u____ if you can't talk to me again
And if you l____ by the rules of "it's over"
then I'm sure that that makes sense
I will …
And when we m____
Which I'm sure we will
All that was there, Will be there still
I'll let it pass
And h___ my tongue
And you will think
That I've moved on....
I will …

THE BURIAL OF THE SARDINE

WHERE, WHEN AND THE ORIGIN

The Burial of the Sardine is an event that takes place in Murcia city the first Saturday after Easter. It's so popular that you can see it on TV. It has been declared as an international tourist interest celebration.

We don't know when this tradition started, but we are sure it began many years ago, maybe one century or more.

We think the reason for this celebration could be found in old times, during Lent and Easter, where people couln't eat meat for many days, so they had to eat different kinds of fish and seafood. The Burial of the Sardine is a symbol to celebrate the end of eating so much fish.

The Burial of the Sardine (Where/When)

The Burial of the Sardine is the greatest day in the Easter holidays of Murcia city. It is celebrated the week after The Holy Week. You can watch on TV the parade because it was declared of national touristic interest.

ORIGIN.
The Burial of the Sardine is a celebration with an unknown origin. One possible origin for this party is this one:
A hundred years ago, catholic people couldn't eat meat in Easter (especially on Fridays), so they had to eat fish. When Easter finished, they decided to give a big party where they burned a sardine as a sign, meaning they didn't have to eat more fish, because they were free to eat meat again.
(People and events)

PEOPLE AND EVENTS
During the burial of the sardine there are several events like parades, fireworks and the burning of the sardine (a big fish).
There is a big parade with music bands, dancers, dragons, giants, monsters …But the “main course” is a parade of brightly decorated vehicles with a mythological inspiration. About 15-20 people travel on them throwing thousands of toys, balls and some things to the people going crazy in the street.
Every year a lot of tourists visit our country at that time and that evening, everybody enjoys watching big brightly decorated vehicles and you can see children smiling while hundreds of toys fall into their hands.
At the end of the parade, there are fireworks and the big fish is burnt.

EVENTS: PARADES, FIREWORKS, MODEL FISH (BURNT).

The week after Easter we celebrate a huge parade which starts on Saturday at nine o’clock in the evening. Groups of people dance and the public waits some toys which are given by the “sardineros”. At the end of the parade the sardine is burnt and fireworks are shot.

CONCLUSION.
In conclusion, there are two sides in this festival. The first one would be the parade, which is beautiful and funny. In this parade we can see a fantastic and colourful permormance by the several groups.The second would be that this is a crowded and violet festival, because people drink too much and they fight to catch the toys that "sandineros" throw to the people. Despite all this, it is a traditional festival which we have to keep and improve.

MY HOMETOWN

How the culture is changing?

Nowadays, culture is changing a lot, because the world is more global, there are more people, more immigrants...
New technologies have made our lives easier and we have abandoned many customs, thoughts ... We have changed the way we talk, think, act ...
The crisis in the world has caused many people to abandon their culture and they go to another country to look for a better job, different customs, lifestyles ...
Now the mentality of people is more open than some years ago.

HOW THE CULTURE IS CHANGING:

In the past people worked in the market garden; however, nowadays this kind of job is disappearing in the name of the progress.
Currently, most of the people work and live in the city, and this change has made people's culture change too. One example of this is, on the one hand, the improvement in the access to school education and, on the other hand, the loss of a good familiar education in terms of social values because parents have to work.

HOW THE CULTURE IS CHANGING

I remember when I was a child, kids in my neighbourhood used to play all together in the street after they finished class, but ,unfortunately, nowadays they can’t do it because is more dangerous than before, so young people spend more time watching TV, playing at home and so on; in fact, they don’t socialize enough, and in my opinion it is bad.

RELIGION

Most of people in Murcia are catholic or they practise the Catholicism. In Catholicism there are several types of groups: Jehovah's Witnesses, Orthodox, Evangelists...
Nowadays, because of immigration we can see people with different religions like Islam, Judaism, Buddhism, etc.
All commons religions have a unique God, and a book which contains his dogmas, recommendations, rules and life habits.

RELIGION

Here in Murcia the most of the population is traditionally catholic. But, nowadays, more and more people are living their lives apart from religion. Immigration also has brought other religions such as subdivisions of Christianity (Baptist, evangelistic, etc.) or Islam.

RELIGION

In Spain, the traditional religion is Christianity and we usually celebrate all the festivities related to his religion like Easter and Xmas.
In my opinion, nowadays, religion is less important (for some people) because it is possible that before, people had more free time than now to go to the church, for example.
I said that almost all people are catholic but there are more and more people with different cultures in Spain and therefore, also there are different religions like the Muslim one.

RELIGIOn

In Alcantarilla, almost all people are catholic, then they believe in "Virgen de la Salud", the patron-saint of the town.

Unfortunately, young people are interested in other things and they hardly-ever go to the church; God isn’t important in their lives. Also, there are people that practise other religions, for example, Jehovah Witnesses or Evangelists.

In conclusion, in Alcantarilla there are people with different religions, but the most important is that everybody respects the other people, in fact, we live and let live.

TRADITIONS

In Murcia people always go out to have a lunch on Sunday to relax or they do other funny activities with the family. Also, people take a snack on Friday after work. However, young people go out to parties or just go for a walk with friends at the weekend.

TRADITIONS

There is a variety of traditions in Murcia. One of them is about food. In Murcia it is typical eating meat cakes that, I think, are only made in our region and they are very good, but, unfortunately, it has a lot of calories. The fish rice (caldero) is very typical too.
Also, there are religious traditions like the processions at Easter, in which its members give sweets to the public that see them.
Another tradition is the “Romería” that consists of going with the Fuensanta Virgin to her house in the mountain. Every year, more and more people go with her when the Fair finishes.

SPECIAL OCCASIONS

Well, in my village there´re many special occasions, like The Easter Week, there´re many religious parades with the most important scenes from the life of Jesus and his saints.

The last weekend, we celebrate the parade in honour of (Nuestra Señora del Alba), with a group of people, called “auroros”, who sing and play music with traditional instruments. It´s nice.

The next weekend, it’s the same with The Rosario Virgin.

Another important occasion is the celebration of the festivities in honour of another Virgin, The Health (La Salud).
It´s also a pagan festivity, because people drink a lot and at the end a witch is burned. Oh, what a pity!

Finally, I think there are too many Virgins and too much alcohol.

TRADITIONS AND SPECIAL OCCASIONS IN MY REGION: MURCIA.

Murcia has a lot of traditions like its local dances where people wear traditional clothes or the processions with religious idols on the streets.
At Christmas you can see in a lot of figures where Jesus birth is shown / represented.
Another special occasion is in September with "La Romería", in this annual festival, people come from all over the villages to go with the local saint "La Fuensanta" to the mountain where she has her church.

SPECIAL OCCASIONS

There are many special occasions in which you can enjoy the people, the weather and the beautiful squares in Murcia.
At Christmas you can see a fantastic festival in "Santo Domingo" square, at Easter there are great figures of Salzillo in the street and, of course, in summer you can enjoy our fantastic beaches, some of which are still wild.
It is easy to find a special occasion to have a beer at the flowers square with good friends.

SPECIAL OCCASIONS

In Spain there are a lot of festivals, but people celebrate specially two of them.

- Easter. It is a Catholic celebration in which people commemorate Jesus death.
- Christmas. People celebrate when Jesus was born and when the Three Wise Men visited him in Belen.

LANGUAGE

In our city, the language is Spanish. But there are a lot of people from different countries here, so they also speak other languages, such as Chinese and Muslim. These days, people like learning languages too for studying, working or travelling reasons. The most commons are English and French. We have got another typical language which old people used to speak some years ago. It is called Panocho, but now it is dying out.

LANGUAGE

In Murcia, the official language is Spanish but there is a particular way of speaking the Spanish language named "panocho".
It consists of the omission of the last sound or syllable, for example: "todo" sounds "to". In Panocho dialect there area lot of own expressions like: "pico' squina", "ta too güeno" or "vente pacá". This is very strange for the people of the rest of Spain and it is very complicated for tourists to understand us.

Language in my country

In Spain there are five different languages: Galician, Euskera, Catalan, Valenciano and Spanish. The official language in all the country is Spanish; the other four languages are co-official languages in different places of Spain. Moreover, there are a lot of languages spoken by tourists and immigrants like English, Italian, French, Arabic, Germany, and many more. In addition, in Spain people try to learn English as second or third language both for work and as a hobby.

Alcantarilla (language/national costume)

In Alcantarilla there aren't different languages, everybody speaks Spanish but we speak with a special accent. There is a dialect called panocho that nowadays it is not spoken.
In Alcantarilla people is starting to wear brand clothes. In the past people wore comfortable clothes to work in the country.

LANGUAGE
In our region, called "Región de Murcia", the oficial language is Spanish, but we have also an old language, known as "Panocho" that was spoken years ago by local inhabitants.

NATIONAL COSTUME
We have our own typical costume, that is used on special events as "el Bando de la Huerta" and other local festivals.
It´s always worn by groups that play them and dance with typical music.

CULTURE CHANGE.

Nowadays, there is an only one difference between people who live in the city and people who live in the nearest villages: young people live in the city. This is because more people than in the past go to University and it is in the city. Another change that we can see is about Technology. Nowadays most of the citizens use gadgets such as I-Pods, mobiles phones, tablets or laptops, which are very popular among young people. We could conclude that nowadays young people is moving the world and leading the change.

TRADITIONAL COSTUME.

Here in Murcia we have a traditional costume. This costume is different if you are a man or a woman. If you are a man, you have to wear white special trousers called "Zaragüeles". If you are a woman, you have to wear a special skirt. This skirt, which is called "Refajo", is made of cotton, it is very heavy but very beautiful too. It has a fantastic design which is handmade.

NATIONAL COSTUME

In Spain every region, city and town has its costume. Actually, these costumes are a heritage of past centuries and nowadays there are people who work to recover these costumes. They look for them in old books and they ask the oldest person in the town about them. Thanks to them, we have been able to dress young people with traditional costumes in special occasion like local festivities.

National Costume

In Murcia, people use a traditional costume when the “Bando de la Huerta” takes place. For women it consists of a long skirt with handmade flowers and a white shirt with shorts sleeves. Over this shirt they usually wear a big “mantón”. On their head they usually wear traditional jewellery. On their feet they usually wear a pair of long white socks and a pair of special shoes called “esparteñas”.
For men it consists of a white pair of trousers called “zaragüeles” and a white shirt with long sleeves. Over this shirt they usually wear a vest, and round their waist they usually wear a “faja” of the same colour as the vest.
On their feet they use the same things as women.

ni2 21/11/11

Climb 1 /klaɪm/
Focus 1 / ˈfəʊkəs/
Improbable /ɪmˈprɑːbəbəl / || /ɪmˈprɒbəbəl/
Satisfaction / ˈsætəsˈfækʃən / || / ˌsætɪsˈfækʃən/
Target 1 / ˈtɑːrɡət / || / ˈtɑːɡɪt/
Achievable /əˈtʃiːvəbəl/
Feasible / ˈfiːzəbəl/
Measurable / ˈmeʒərəbəl/
Reach 1 /riːtʃ/
Destination / ˈdestəˈneɪʃən / || / ˌdestɪˈneɪʃən/
Sincere /sɪnˈsɪr / || /sɪnˈsɪə(r)/
Sure 1 /ʃʊr / ||/ʃʊə(r)/ , /ʃɔː(r)/
Conform /kənˈfɔːrm / || /kənˈfɔːm/
Expect /ɪkˈspekt/
Sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbəl/
Avoidable /əˈvɔɪdəbəl/
Carefully / ˈkerfli / || / ˈkeəfəli/
Various / ˈveriəs / || / ˈveəriəs/
Harmony / ˈhɑːrməni / || / ˈhɑːməni/
Thesis / ˈθiːsəs / || / ˈθiːsɪs/


Variations of the first conditional:
If you want to improve your diet, don’t say…
If you never achieve your goals, you might just lose interest.
If you say “I’m going to win this race”, you could end up being disappointed.
If you starting to play tennis, a feasible goal might be to keep the ball in play for ten shots.
If you are only doing it to conform to what other people expect, your motivation may not be sustainable.

O‧ver‧weight
1 someone who is overweight is too heavy and fat [↪ underweight]
10 kilos/20 lbs etc overweight
Sally was fifty pounds overweight.
He is slightly overweight.
➔ see usage note fat1
2. Something such as a package that is overweight weighs more than it is supposed to weigh [↪ underweight]:
My luggage was overweight by five kilos.

nb2 17/11/11

Homework Ex 2 p.30 (and 149)

THE FUTURE
The match is on Saturday at seven (present simple=100%)
We are playing a basket match this weekend (present continuous=90%)
They are going to go Rome on holiday (going to=80%)
I (DON’T) think I’ll pass the exam (will=50%) (Predictions made at the moment of speaking)
I’m going to pass the exam (Predictions too but 80%=there’s an evidence=you know the lesson very well)

Shall negative short form shan't
1
Shall I/we...?
Spoken used to make a suggestion, or ask a question that you want the other person to decide about:
Shall I open the window?
Shall we say 6 o'clock, then?
What shall I get for dinner?
2
I/we shall
Especially British English formal used to say what you will do in the future:
We shall be away next week.
I shall have to be careful.
I've never liked her and I never shall.
We shall have finished by Friday.
3b, p.131
A
They won’t win. Will the meeting be long? He won’t get the job, will you see…, it’ll be impossible…, you won’t like…, she’ll love.., there won’t be…, you’ll BE ABLE TO (NOT can after will) find a good job.
B
Will never do, will ever make, won’t last, will be.

Will you be able to help me on Sunday?
Will there be many people in the party?
Will you ever see you again? NO, never.
It rings the bell.
You’ll get food poisoning.
You’ll fall asleep.
You won’t be able to concentrate.
The TV will break down.
There will be a power cut.
You will fall from a ladder.
…
I don’t have money or I have no money
Action packed film

ni2 16/11/11

Competitive exam
Vocational training
Deserve
Join a gym
The last but not the least
SET OUT: to start doing something or making plans to do something in order to achieve a particular result
Set out to do something
Salesmen who deliberately set out to defraud customers
Set out with the idea/purpose/intention etc of doing something
They set out with the aim of becoming the number one team in the league.

Due
1
Expected
[Not before noun] expected to happen or arrive at a particular time
Due to do something
The team is due to fly to Italy next month.
His new book is due to be published next year.
Hum‧ble
1 not considering yourself or your ideas to be as important as other people's [≠ proud; ↪ humility]:
A modest and humble man
Ex 10 p 33
Will you be sleeping
Will not be carrying
Will have broken
We’ll have crossed
Will be crossing
Ex 11 p 33
Flying, travelling, hoping, taking, using, learnt, aiming, going out, saved, looking.
Grammar practice from the grammar reference:
2.1
1c, 2g, 3h, 4f, 5i, 6d, 7a, 8e, 9b
2.2
1were supposed, 2couldn’t, 3had to, 4was allowed, 5could, 6didn’t have to, 7can, 8don’t have to, 9must, 10can’t, 11has to, 12allowed to, 13must never, 14 needen’t
2.3
‘d arranged, overslept, arrived, already started, didn’t get, knocked, was showing, hadn’t had, did you meet, was, had forgotten, were coming, walked, was playing
2.4
1b, 2b, 3a, 4b, 5a+b,

Questions with and without auxiliary

1 Queen Elizabeth I became queen of England IN 1558.

-When did Elizabeth become Queen of England?
___________________________________________
2 QUEEN ELIZABETH I became queen of England in 1558.

-Who became queen of England in 1558 ?
___________________________________________

3 LILITH was Adam's first wife.

-Who was Adam’s first wife?
___________________________________________
4 THE ATHENIANS sentenced Socrates to death in 399 BC.

-Who sentenced Socrates to death?
___________________________________________
5 The Athenians sentenced Socrates to death IN 399 BC.

-When did the Athenians sentence Socrates to death?
___________________________________________
6 ARISTOTLE taught Alexander the Great.

-Who taught Alexander the Great?
___________________________________________
7 Aristotle taught ALEXANDER THE GREAT.

-Who did Aristotle teach?
___________________________________________
8 Apollo and Artemis were born IN DELOS, according to legend.

-Where were Apollo and Artemis born?
___________________________________________
9 THE ARCHBISHOP OF VALENCIA ordered the execution of an innocent school teacher in 1826.

-Who ordered the execution of an innocent School teacher en 1826 ?
_________________________________________________________
10 Gema saw A FOX CUB.

-What did Gema see?
___________________________________________
11 GEMA saw a fox cub.

--Who saw a fow cub?

___________________________________________
12 TONY broke the video.

-Who broke the video?
__________________________________________---

nb2 15/11/11

Homework: p. 26

P 28
Arrival /əˈraɪvəl/
Au pair / ˈəʊˈper / || / ˌəʊˈpeə(r)/
Improve /ɪmˈpruːv/
Money / ˈmʌni/
Luck /lʌk/
Surprise 1 /səˈpraɪz/
Edinburgh / ˈednʲˌbɜːrə/ , /-rəʊ / ||/ ˈedɪnbrə/
Reunion /riːˈjuːnjən/
Australia /ɔːˈstreɪliə / ||/ɒˈstreɪliə/
Ex. 1b
2h, 3a, 4f, 5g, 6b, 7i, 8d, 9e
Ex. 1c
1m, 2r, 3j, 4m, 5j, 6r.
3A
A
Isn’t going to pass
Is … going to buy
Are going to be
Aren’t going (to go) camping – are going to stay
Are they going to get married
Is going to snow
B
Are you doing
Going to rain
Going (to go) away
I’m meeting
Going to stay / staying
Going to be late
going to come / coming
GOING TO
- Predictions based on evidence:
Look at these clouds, this evening it’s going to rain.
- Future plans (80%):
I’m going to Torrevieja this weekend.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
- Future arrangements (90%)
I’m getting married this weekend.
…
I work very long hours (=a lot of hours)
Look forward to something
Phrasal verb
To be excited and pleased about something that is going to happen:
I'm really looking forward to our vacation.
Look forward to doing something
My mother says she's looking forward to meeting you.
I’m looking forward to Real Madrid vs Barcelona football match.
Versus
1 v. British English vs. American English used to show that two people or teams are competing against each other in a game or court case:
The New York Knicks versus the LA Lakers
The Supreme Court decision in Roe vs. Wade

NI2 14/11/11

In 10 days'/five years'/a few minutes' etc time
Ten days, five years etc from now:
He has an appointment with the doctor in two days' time.
Vac‧cin‧ate [transitive]
To protect a person or animal from a disease by giving them a vaccine [= immunize]
Vaccinate somebody against something
All children should be vaccinated against measles.
—vaccination noun [uncountable and countable]
A flu vaccination
Needle
Injection-1 [uncountable and countable] an act of putting a drug into someone's body using a special needle [↪ shot]:
The nurse gave me a tetanus injection.
injection of
an injection of insulin
The children hate having injections.
The only sure treatment is antibiotics, preferably by injection

Stuff [uncountable]
1
Things
informal used when you are talking about things such as substances, materials, or groups of objects when you do not know what they are called, or it is not important to say exactly what they are:
I've got some sticky stuff on my shoe.
How do you think you're going to fit all that stuff into the car?
I felt sorry for the ones who had to eat the awful stuff.
Where's all the camping stuff?
2
Somebody’s stuff
Informal the things that belong to someone:
Did you get the rest of your stuff?
3
Activities/ideas
Informal used when talking about different activities, subjects, or ideas, when you do not say exactly what these are:
What kind of stuff do you like to read?
I've got so much stuff to do this weekend.
There's a lot of interesting stuff in this book.
He's talked to me about all that stuff too.
He does mountain biking and skiing and stuff like that.
4
Work/art
Informal used when you are talking about what someone has done or made, for example writing, music, or art:
I don't like his stuff.
John Lee was getting ready to play his stuff.
He did some great stuff in his early films.

nb2 10/11/11

Homework: send a photo that’s important to you and explain why. 70 – 100 words.

P 23 ex 2
Because, although, but, so

Although [ɔ:l'ðəʊ]
Mobile 1 / ˈməʊbəl / ||/ ˈməʊbaɪl/

P 129
2D
A
Although, because, but, although, so, because, but.
B
1- So E, 2- because F, 3-although D, 4-but G, 5-so H, 6-because A, 7-but C, 8- because B

Mrs British English; Mrs. American English
1 used before a married woman's family name to be polite when you are speaking to her, writing to her, or talking about her [↪ miss, Mrs]:
Mrs. Smith
Miss
Used in front of the family name of a woman who is not married to address her politely, to write to her, or to talk about her[↪ Mrs, Ms, Mr]:
Ms British English; Ms. American English
Used before a woman's family name when she does not want to be called 'Mrs' or 'Miss', or when you do not know whether she is married or not [↪ miss, Mrs]:
Dear Ms Johnson, ...
Crisp [countable] British English
A very thin flat round piece of potato that is cooked in oil and eaten cold [↪ chip; = potato chip AmE]
Chip [countable]
1
Food
a) British English [usually plural] a long thin piece of potato cooked in oil [= French fryAmerican English]
Fish and chips
A bag of chips

9/11/11

Homework
For Monday: All the grammar reference of unit 2
For Wednesday: writing p 28, a formal letter applying for one of the jobs in adverts 1 and 2, you choose the one you like the most of the two… No more than 200 words…

Pros and cons: the advantages and disadvantages of something.
The pros and cons of (doing) something
We discussed the pros and cons of going to university.
Ab‧so‧lute‧ly
1 completely and in every way:
He made his reasons for resigning absolutely clear.
Are you absolutely sure?
This cake is absolutely delicious.
Nod past tense and past participle nodded, present participle nodding[intransitive and transitive]
1 to move your head up and down, especially in order to show agreement or understanding [↪ shake]:
I asked her if she was ready to go, and she nodded.
Mom nodded her head sympathetically.
Ar‧tic‧u‧late
1 able to talk easily and effectively about things, especially difficult subjects [≠ inarticulate]:
Bright, articulate 17-year-olds
A highly articulate speaker
P 28
savvy / ˈsævi/
Re‧lo‧cate [intransitive and transitive]
If a person or business relocates, or if they are relocated, they move to a different place
Career 1 /kəˈrɪr / || /kəˈrɪə(r)/
Reward 1 /rɪˈwɔːrd / || /rɪˈwɔːd/
Creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/
Ambitious /æmˈbɪʃəs/
Guide 1 /ɡaɪd/
Pursuit /pərˈsuːt / ||/pəˈsjuːt/
Enthusiastic /ɪnˈθuːziˈæstɪk / ||/ɪnˌθjuːziˈæstɪk/
Appearance /əˈpɪrəns / || /əˈpɪərəns/
Mountain / ˈmaʊntnʲ / || / ˈmaʊntɪn/
Apply /əˈplaɪ/
Advertised / ˈædvərtaɪzd/ || / ˈædvətaɪzd/
Recent / ˈriːsnʲt/
Courteous / ˈkɜːrtiəs / || / ˈkɜːtiəs/

RISE
1
Increase
[countable] an increase in number, amount, or value[= increase; ≠ fall]
Rise in
We are expecting a sharp rise in interest rates.
An alarming rise in unemployment
There's been a rise in the number of arrests for drug offences.
Rise of
Profits went up to £24 million, a rise of 16%.
Rent/price rise
Tenants face a 20% rent rise.
2
Wages
[Countable] British English an increase in wages [= raiseAmerican English]
He's been promised a rise next year.
The railworkers were offered a 3% pay rise.

nb2 8/11/11

Homework p 23 ex 3 and 4



Look at the stars,
Look how they shine for you,
And everything you do,
Yeah, they were all yellow.
I came along,
I wrote a song for you,
And all the things you do,
And it was called "Yellow".
So then I took my turn,
Oh what a thing to have done,
And it was all "Yellow."
Your skin,
Oh yeah your skin and bones,
Turn into something beautiful,
You know, you know I love you so,
You know I love you so.
I swam across,
I jumped across for you,
Oh what a thing to do.
Cos you were all "Yellow",
I drew a line,
I drew a line for you,
Oh what a thing to do,
And it was all "Yellow."
Your skin,
Oh yeah your skin and bones,
Turn into something beautiful,
And you know,
For you I'd bleed myself dry,
For you I'd bleed myself dry.
It's true,
Look how they shine for you,
Look how they shine for you,
Look how they shine for,
Look how they shine for you,
Look how they shine for you,
Look how they shine.
Look at the stars,
Look how they shine for you,
And all the things that you do.

…
P 129 2c
A)
WHAT happened to you?
WHAT does this word mean?
HOW MANY PEOPLE came to this class?
WHICH BUS goes to the airport?
WHICH ACTOR won the Oscar this year?
WHAT did the teacher say?
B)
…did Ayrton Senna win?
…won…
…directed…
…did Nelson Mandela become…
…wrote…
…did Sting do…
-
HOW MANY CATS did you buy?
WHICH GIRL did you like the most?

Look at these two questions:
Question word - Auxiliary - Subject - Verb
Who - do - you - love?

Question word – verb - object
Who – loves - you?

The first question is a normal question and uses the form which we almost always use for a question:

Question word + auxiliary + subject + verb
In the second question, the question word is the subject. When the QUESTION WORD is the subject there is no auxiliary verb and the verb agrees with the subject.

Other examples:

Question word – verb - object

Who – wrote - Romeo and Juliet?
Who – won - the 2006 World Cup?
Which player – fouled - Ronaldo?
What – happened-?

Questions Without the Auxiliary Verb Exercise at Auto-English

When the interrogative is also the subject we don't use an auxiliary.

Make a question about the word in capital letter in each sentence. Sometimes you need an auxiliary and sometimes you don't.

1 Queen Elizabeth I became queen of England IN 1558.
___________________________________________
2 QUEEN ELIZABETH I became queen of England in 1558.
___________________________________________
3 LILITH was Adam's first wife.
___________________________________________
4 THE ATHENIANS sentenced Socrates to death in 399 BC.
___________________________________________
5 The Athenians sentenced Socrates to death IN 399 BC.
___________________________________________
6 ARISTOTLE taught Alexander the Great.
___________________________________________
7 Aristotle taught ALEXANDER THE GREAT.
___________________________________________
8 Apollo and Artemis were born IN DELOS, according to legend.
___________________________________________
9 THE ARCHBISHOP OF VALENCIA ordered the execution of an innocent school teacher in 1826.
_________________________________________________________
10 Gema saw A FOX CUB.
___________________________________________
11 GEMA saw a fox cub.
___________________________________________
12 TONY broke the video.
__________________________________________---
Mad = nuts
He is mad
He’s nuts

knew /nuː / ||/njuː/

It was raining cats and dogs
RUN INTO: to hit someone or something with a vehicle [= crash into]:
He ran into the back of another car.
Ac‧ro‧nym [countable]
A word made up from the first letters of the name of something such as an organization. For example NATO is an acronym for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
What colour is the pencil?
What is the colour of the pencil?

ni2 7/11/11

Cof‧fin [countable]
a long box in which a dead person is buried or burnt [= casketAmerican English]
P 25
EX 5
Get down to – deal with – carry on – got away with – run out of – fell for it.
EX 6
Dry up- ended up – read up – turned up – trip up
p 26
Expertise / ˈekspɜːrˈtiːz / || / ˌekspɜːˈtiːz/ special skills or knowledge in a particular subject, that you learn by experience or training
Recourse / ˈriːkɔːrs / ||/rɪˈkɔːs/
Indignant /ɪnˈdɪɡnənt/
Moron / ˈmɔːrɑːn / || / ˈmɔːrɒn/ consultant /kənˈsʌltənt/
Carefully / ˈkerfli / || / ˈkeəfəli/
Attire 1 /əˈtaɪr / || /əˈtaɪə(r)/
Behaviour, US behavior [bɪ'heɪvjəʳ]
Suitable / ˈsuːtəbəl / || / ˈsuːtəbəl/ , / ˈsjuː-/
Embryonic / ˈembriˈɑːnɪk / || / ˌembriˈɒnɪk/
Regional / ˈriːdʒənlʲ/
Dreary / ˈdrɪri / || / ˈdrɪəri/
Roving / ˈrəʊvɪŋ/

NB2 3/11/11

Imagine there's no _______ 1
It's easy if you try
No _______ 2 below us
Above us only _______ 3
Imagine all the people
Living for today

Imagine there's no countries
It isn't hard to do
Nothing to kill or die for
And no _______ 4 too
Imagine all the people
Living life in _______ 5

You may say that I'm a _______ 6
But I'm not the only one
I hope someday you'll join us
And the world will be as one

Imagine no _______ 6
I wonder if you can
No need for _______ 7 or _______ 8
A _______ 9 of man
Imagine all the people
Sharing all the world

You may say that I'm a _______ 10
But I'm not the only one
I hope someday you'll join us
And the world will live as one

…

Imagine there's no Heaven
It's easy if you try
No hell below us
Above us only sky
Imagine all the people
Living for today

Imagine there's no countries
It isn't hard to do
Nothing to kill or die for
And no religion too
Imagine all the people
Living life in peace

You may say that I'm a dreamer
But I'm not the only one
I hope someday you'll join us
And the world will be as one

Imagine no possessions
I wonder if you can
No need for greed or hunger
A brotherhood of man
Imagine all the people
Sharing all the world

You may say that I'm a dreamer
But I'm not the only one
I hope someday you'll join us
And the world will live as one

…

DATES

ON (the) 9(th) (of) February 2020 /February (the) 9th 2020
IN February 2020

ni2 2/11/11

Assignment /əˈsaɪnmənt/
Duty / ˈduːti / ||/ ˈdjuːti/
Duty plural duties
1
Something you must do [uncountable and countable] something that you have to do because it is morally or legally right [= obligation]COLLOCATIONS
do your duty - it is somebody's duty to do something - have a duty to do something - have a duty to somebody/owe somebody a duty - sense of duty - moral duty - legal duty - fail in your duty (=fail to do something that you should do for someone) - be duty-bound to do something formal (=have a duty to do something)
I promise I will do my duty.
We feel it is our duty to help her.
Local authorities have a duty to keep the streets clean.
You have a duty to your husband and to your children.
She has a strong sense of moral duty.
The unions have failed in their duty to female workers.
In the traditional Hindu family, the son is duty-bound to look after his mother.
2
Work
[Countable usually plural, uncountable] something you have to do as part of your job
Duties
Martin's duties included cleaning the cars.
She works for her father doing part-time secretarial duties.
He will soon be fit enough to carry out his duties (=do his job).
He can only do light duties .
When Juliet reported for duty (=arrived and said she was ready to start work) she was sent to check on a new patient.
A teacher may be fired for neglect of duty (=failing to do their job properly).
He did three tours of duty in Vietnam (=three periods working in a foreign country as a soldier, government officer etc).
3
Be on/off duty
to be working or not working at a particular time, especially when you are doing a job which people take turns to do, so that someone is always doing it:
He's on night duty.
Mary goes on duty (=starts working) tonight at half past ten.
What time do you go off duty (=finish work)?

Firm 1 /fɜːrm / || /fɜːm/
Apprenticeship /əˈprentəsʃɪp / || /əˈprentɪsʃɪp/
Guard 1 /ɡɑːrd / || /ɡɑːd/
Aisle /aɪl/
Purse 1 /pɜːrs / || /pɜːs/
Pat 1 /pæt/
A uniform 1 / ˈjuːnəfɔːrm / || / ˈjuːnɪfɔːm/
Detective /dɪˈtektɪv/
Seriously / ˈsɪriəsli / || / ˈsɪəriəsli/
Youth /juːθ/ a teenage boy - used especially in newspapers to show disapproval:
a gang of youths
Sur‧ly/ ˈsɜːli/- bad-tempered and unfriendly [= sullen]:
a surly teenager
Jan‧i‧tor [countable] especially American English someone whose job is to look after a school or other large building [= caretaker British English]
I get angry if they don’t keep to high standards.
suspicious /səˈspɪʃəs/
Interviewer – interviewee
Get down to something
Phrasal verb
To start doing something that is difficult or needs a lot of time or energy:
It's time we got down to work.
We need to get down to some serious talking.
Trip up
Phrasal verb
1 to make a mistake, or to force someone to make a mistake by tricking them:
On his latest album, Kowalski trips up attempting more modern songs.
Trip somebody ↔ up
An attempt to trip up the Prime Minister on policy issues
Read up on something
Phrasal verb
To read a lot about something because you will need to know about it:
You'll enjoy travelling more if you read up on the history of the countries you'll be visiting.
If someone DRIES UP, they stop talking:
'It was -' She dried up again.

Turn something ↔ up
To find something by searching for it thoroughly:
The police investigation hasn't turned up any new evidence.
Come across somebody/something
To meet, find, or discover someone or something by chance:
I came across an old diary in her desk.
I've never come across anyone quite like her before.
if someone comes across in a particular way, they seem to have particular qualities [= come over]
Come across as
He comes across as a very intelligent, sensitive man.
She sometimes comes across as being rather arrogant.
I don't think I came across very well (=seemed to have good qualities) in the interview.
Sort yourself out/get yourself sorted out (=deal with all your problems)
I'm staying with a friend until I manage to sort myself out.

Long Weekend

You're are lucky guys! No class till Wednesday!

nb2 27/10/11

Homework: Grammar bank 2B p129

Re‧sign [intransitive and transitive]
1 to officially announce that you have decided to leave your job or an organization [↪ quit]
Resign from
She resigned from the government last week.
Memorable / ˈmemərəbəl/
Strong/weak
Suddenly / ˈsʌdnʲli/
Fo‧cussed British English ; focused American English paying careful attention to what you are doing, in a way that shows you are determined to succeed:
I've got to stay focussed if I want to win this competition.
Loss for words
Come up
Phrasal verb
1 if someone comes up to you, they come close to you, especially in order to speak to you:
One of the teachers came up and started talking to me.
Blood /blʌd/
…
This morning I WAS HAVING a shower when the bell RANG.

ni2: be supposed to do/be something

be supposed to do/be something
a) used to say what someone should or should not do, especially because of rules or what someone in authority has said:
We're supposed to check out of the hotel by 11 o'clock.
I'm not supposed to tell anyone.
What time are you supposed to be there?
b) used to say what was or is expected or intended to happen, especially when it did not happen:
No one was supposed to know about it.
The meeting was supposed to take place on Tuesday, but we've had to postpone it.
The new laws are supposed to prevent crime.
c) used to say that something is believed to be true by many people, although it might not be true or you might disagree:
The castle is supposed to be haunted.
'Dirty Harry' is supposed to be one of Eastwood's best films.
Mrs Carver is supposed to have a lot of money.

ni2 26/10/11

Recordad que el lunes inicialmente hay puente, pero lo confirmo el viernes en el blog y os mando un correo.
Ex 10 p 21
You are allowed to choose the time you start and finish work.
You don’t have to wear smart clothes and you can call the boss by his first name.
It’s the capacity and characteristics that a person is supposed to have to socialise with people.
You are supposed to have completed a certain level of studies.
You needn’t have work experience.
NEED: Verb patterns
- You can say that you need to do something
• I need to clean (NOT I need clean) the house.
If someone else is going to do something for you, You can say that you need something done or need something doing
• I need my car fixed urgently.
• You need your head examining!
When you are talking about the object that is going to have something done to it, you can say that it needs something doing or needs something to be done
• My hair needs cutting.
• That box needs to be moved (NOT needs moved).
Negatives
- You can say that you don't need to do something or needn't do something
• I don't need to leave (NOT don't need leave) until 10.
• You needn't apologize (NOT needn't to apologize).
!! need not means that it is not necessary to do something. Do not use it to mean must not (=are not allowed to)
• You needn't take any money.
• You mustn't take any sharp objects on the plane.
!! needn't have means that it was not necessary for someone to do something that they in fact did. Do not use it to mean didn't need to or didn't have to (= something was not necessary)
• We needn't have ordered so much food.
• I didn't need OR didn't have to tell him who I was - he already knew.
- Noun patterns
The most common noun patterns are a need for something and a need to do something
• Her need for friendship
• A need to preserve the environment
!! Say there is a need, not 'it is a need'. Say a need for, not 'a need of'
• There is a desperate need for cash.
You can also use the expression be in need of something
• We are in need of funds (NOT We have a need of funds).

…

Gal

nb2 25/10/11

Homework: grammarbank 2A p. 128/129 and read the text p. 18

Comb 1 /kəʊm/

Hangover

camp‧site [countable]
1 British English an area where people can camp, often with a water supply and toilets [= campground American English]

(WRONG=footing, parking, camping…)
(RIGHT=jogging, car park/parking lot, campsite…)

Go on foot

Take the dog for a walk / walk the dog

MEET past tense and past participle met
1
see somebody at an arranged place
[intransitive,transitive not in passive] to go to a place where someone will be at a particular time, according to an arrangement, so that you can talk or do something together:
Meet me at 8.00.
I'll meet you by the main reception desk.
meet (somebody) for something
Why don't we meet for lunch on Friday?
We arranged to meet outside the theatre.
2
See somebody by chance
[intransitive,transitive not in passive] to see someone by chance and talk to them [= bump into]:
You'll never guess who I met in town.
I was worried I might meet Henry on the bus.
3
See somebody for the first time
[intransitive,transitive not in passive] to see and talk to someone for the first time, or be introduced to them:
We first met in Florence.
I met my husband at university.
Jane, come and meet my brother.
Nice/pleased to meet you (=used to greet someone politely when you have just met them for the first time)
'This is my niece, Sarah.' 'Pleased to meet you.'
(It was) nice meeting you (=used to say goodbye politely to someone you have just met for the first time)
4
See somebody at an airport/station etc
[Transitive] to be waiting for someone at an airport, station etc when they arrive in a plane or train:
My dad met us at the station.
I'll come and meet you off the plane.
5
Come together to discuss something
[Intransitive] to come together in the same place in order to discuss something:
The committee meets once a month.
The two groups will meet next week to discuss the project.

El‧dest especially British English
the eldest of a group of people, especially brothers and sisters, is the one who was born first [↪ old]
eldest son/daughter/brother/child etc
My eldest daughter is 17.
He was the eldest of six children.

THE PRONUNCIATION OF THE PAST FROM OF REGULAR VERBS
- Voiceless sound: – p – k – s – ch – sh – f – x – h - pronounce ED as “T”
Example: Ask, asked = ask(T)
Ed as “T”
asked
baked
brushed
cooked
cracked
crashed
danced (da:ns) + t
dressed
dropped
escaped
finished
fixed
guessed
helped
hoped
hiked
joked
jumped
knocked
kissed
laughed (læf) + t
locked
looked
missed
mixed
packed
passed
picked
pressed
pushed
pronounced
relaxed
slipped
smoked
stopped
shopped
surfed
talked
typed
walked
washed
watched
worked
- T or D pronounce ED as “ID”
Example: Need, needed = need(id)
Ed as “ID”
accepted
afforded
attended
arrested
collected
contacted
counted
decided
defended
demanded
divided
ended
expanded
expected
exported
flooded
graduated
hated
hunted
included
invited
invented
landed
needed
painted
planted
printed
presented
pretended
protected
provided
rented
repeated
reported
respected
rested
scolded
skated
started
shouted
treated
visited
waited
wanted
wasted
If you have any doubt, you can look at the dictionary for the phonetic transcription.
Example: advised (ad’vaiz)

WEATHER VOCABULARY

Airconditioner/airconditioning
Noun, an appliance that cools down the air in a home or building: The airconditioner keeps the office nice and comfortable even when it's very hot outside.
Boiling hot
Adjective + noun, common expression for describing a very hot day: It was boiling hot, so we all jumped into the lake.
Breeze
Noun, light wind: Don't bother with a hat. There is always a breeze near the ocean.
Celsius
Noun, measurement of temperature (0 degrees is freezing/100 is boiling) In the summer, the average temperature here is 20 degrees Celsius.
Chilly
Adjective, cold: It's a bit chilly today, so I think you should wear a coat.
Clear
Adjective, when the sky is blue because no clouds are blocking the sun: On a clear night you can see a lot of stars.
Cloud/cloudy
Noun/adjective, water in the sky that appears as a white or grey mass: It may look cloudy in the morning, but the sun always comes out by afternoon.
Cool
Adjective, temperature in between warm and cold: The days were boiling hot, but the nights were cool and comfortable for sleeping.
Degrees
Noun, measurement for temperature: I don't feel the heat until it's about forty degrees Celsius outside.
Drizzling
Continuous verb, raining slightly: I think I'll take the dog for a walk. It's only drizzling now.
Drought
Noun, a long period with no rainfall: Forest fires are a serious danger during a drought.
Fahrenheit
Noun, measurement of temperature (32 degrees is freezing/212 is boiling): It was 100 degrees Fahrenheit when we got to San Francisco.
Flood
Noun, overflow of rain water: The flood was so bad, our basement was full of water.
Fog/foggy
Noun/adjective, thick water vapor that blocks one's vision: We couldn't see the bridge because there was too much fog.
Forecast
Noun/verb, the expected weather for the future: According to the 5 day forecast, it's going to rain on our wedding day.
Freezing cold
Adjective + noun, common expression used to describe a very cold day: It was a freezing cold day for the Santa Claus parade.
Heat-wave
Noun, extremely hot weather that is much higher than average--usually lasts a short time: During the heat-wave we cooled our beds down with ice packs.
Humid/humidity
Adjective/noun, moisture in the air: It feels a lot hotter than it actually is because of the humidity.
Hurricane
Noun, a tropical storm with very strong wind and rain (from Atlantic Ocean); from Pacific Ocean it is called a "typhoon"; from Indian Ocean it is called a "cyclone": Half of the buildings on the island were flattened by the hurricane.
Icy
Adjective, slippery because of ice: The roads are icy so please avoid driving down any hills.
Lightning
Noun, electric flash caused by two clouds hitting: The outdoor pool always closes when the lifeguards suspect lightning.
Mild
Adjective, temperature that is warmer than average(in a cold season): It's quite mild out so I didn't bother with a hat or mittens.
Meteorologist
Noun, a person who studies weather patterns: The meteorologist predicted that the cold spell would be over by now.
Minus/negative
Adjective, indicates that a temperature is below zero: It was minus twenty degrees at the top of the skil hill.
Partly cloudy
Adverb + adjective, term often used in a weather forecast to indicate that the skies are sunny and cloudy at the same time: Tomorrow's forecast is partly cloudy with clear skies by nightfall.
Puddle
Noun, collection of rain water: Children love to splash in puddles when they are wearing rubber boots.
Rain/raining/rainy
Noun/continuous verb/adjective water that falls to earth: My hair is all wet and messy from the rain.
Raindrop
Noun, a single measurement of rain: I love catching raindrops on my tongue.
Rainbow
Noun, a band of colours found in the sky after a rainfall: According to legend you can find a pot of gold at the end of a rainbow.
Raining cats and dogs
Idiom, raining heavily: They cancelled the football game because it was raining cats and dogs.
Season
Noun, time of year characterized by certain weather
Winter, Spring, Summer, Fall (or Autumn): My favorite season is Fall, because I love to watch the leaves changing colours.
Shower
Noun, quick/light rainstorm: They've been calling for showers all week, but so far it's been dry.
Smog
Noun, heavy, dark cloud cover caused by pollution: You really notice the smog downtown in this type of humidity.
Snow/snowy/snowing
Noun/adjective/ continuous verb, frozen water that warms slightly as it falls to earth: It is already snowing up in the mountains, so the ski season should be great this year.
Snowstorm
Noun, large amounts of wind and snow: All of the schools were closed because of the snowstorm.
Sun/sunshine/sunny
Noun/noun/adjective, the gassy star that warms the earth: We hope to have sunshine on the day of the beach picnic.
Sunburn
Noun, painful red/pink skin caused by being in the sun too long: The bald man got a sunburn on his head.
Sunglasses/shades
Noun, dark eyewear that protects you from the sun I forgot my shades and I was driving right into the sun.
Suntan/tanned
noun (also verb)/adjective(also verb), brown/golden skin caused by long periods of sun exposure : I got a suntan on the cruise, but it has already faded away.
Sunscreen/suntan lotion
Noun, cream that protects your skin from sun damage: Don't forget to reapply your sunscreen when you get out of the lake.
Temperature
Noun, how warm or cold the air is: Can you check the temperature before we get dressed for our walk?
Thermometer
Noun, instrument for measuring the temperature of the air: When I checked the temperature this morning, the thermometer said it was already thirty degrees Celsius.
Thunder/thunderstorm
Noun, the crashing of clouds (often followed by a strike of lightning and heavy rain): Let's close all of the windows. It looks like a thunderstorm is coming.
Tornado
Noun, violently spinning windstorm: The tornado picked up everything in its path, including animals and cars.
Umbrella
Noun, held over one's head and body for rain protection: I always keep an umbrella in my car in case of rain.
UV (ultra violet) rays
Noun, the damaging rays from the sun Ultra violet rays can cause skin cancer if you don't wear sunscreen.
Wind/windy
Noun/adjective, blowing air outside: It's too windy to play golf today.

ni2 24/10/11

Homework p 17

Due -expected
[not before noun] expected to happen or arrive at a particular time
due to do something
The team are due to fly to Italy next month.
His new book is due to be published next year.

clock off
phrasal verb 1 informal to leave work at the end of the day:
What time do you clock off?

Buck [countable]
1
dollar
informal a US, Canadian, or Australian dollar:
He owes me ten bucks.
The movie is about a group of men trying to make a buck (=earn some money) as male strippers.

Does it ring the bell?
Isolated
More often than not.
menu / ˈmenjuː/

Verbs with 2 objects (p19):
They serve you your second course/badly prepared food…
They give you a menu/a basket/mineral water…
It costs you an arm and a leg…
They bring you the bill…
…
Ex 7
We left the waiter a tip/a tip for the waiter.
The waiter brought us the bill/the bill to us.
I gave them some water/some water to them.
They charged her a pound/a pound to her.
Ex 11
Expected us to…
Costs… charge…
Occupied…attend to…

VERBS WITH TWO OBJECTS

When verbs are followed by two objects, the first object (the indirect object) is usually a person or a group of people and the second object (the direct object) is usually a thing:
• I peeled her an orange.
• He lent me his pen.
• They taught us the German alphabet.
• It was kind of you to make the vicar and his wife a cup of coffee.
If we want to reverse the order and place the direct object first, then the indirect object has to be converted into a phrase beginning with either to or for:
• I peeled an orange for her.
• He lent his pen to me.
• They taught the German alphabet to us.
• It was kind of you to make a cup of coffee for the vicarand his wife.

We often prefer this second pattern is we want to focus particular attention on the people described in the indirect prepositional object or when the prepositional object is very long:
• We gave a course certificate to everyone who had attended 90% of the programme.
• We fetched take-away pizzas for all the children who arrived home after eight o' clock.
It would clearly be inappropriate, if not confusing, to say:
• We gave everyone who had attended 90% of the
programme a course certificate.
• We fetched all the children who arrived home after
eight o' clock take-away pizzas.
as the meaning may not be clear.
Here are some of the most common verbs with the for + indirect object formulation:
book build buy catch
choose cook find get
make order peel pour save
• He poured a drink for me.
• She found a two-bedroom flat for me.
• She found suitable accommodation for all the French tourists who arrived last night.

Here are some of the most common verbs with the to + indirect object formulation:
award give grant hand
lend offer owe tell
promise pass show teach throw
• He handed him a four-page form.
• He handed a four-page form to everybody who had applied for early retirement.
• She told lies about her background to everyone at work.
Some common verbs we can use with either to or for + indirectobjects. These include:
bring leave pay play post
read send sing take write
Sometimes the meaning is the same:
• I haven't got my glasses. Will you read me the letter?
• I haven't got my glasses. Will you read it out for me?
• I haven't got my glasses. Will you read it out to me?
Sometimes it changes:
• Will you post it to me? Please send it to me.
• Will you post it for me? I can't get to the post office this afternoon.
There are some common verbs which are followed by two objects which cannot have their objects reversed to allow the to/for formulation. These include:
allow ask cost deny
envy forgive permit refuse
We would have to say, for instance:
• You have asked me a difficult question which I cannot answer.
• It cost them a lot of money.
• I envy you your large detached house in the country.
We cannot say:
• You have asked a difficult question to me which I cannot answer.
• It cost a lot of money to them.
• I envy your large detached house in the country for you

The little horror shop

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Skb4Tpf3H94

I've given you sunshine
I've given you dirt.
You've given me nothing
But heartache and hurt.
I'm beggin' you sweetly.
I'm down on my knees.
Oh, please-grow for me!

I've given you plant food
And water to sip.
I've given you potash.
You've given me zip.
Oh God, how I mist you
Oh pod, how you tease
Now, please-grow for me!

I've given you southern exposure
To get you to thrive.
I've pinched you back hard,
Like I'm s'posed ta.
You're barely alive.
I've tried you at levels of moisture
From desert to mud.
I've given you grow-lights
And mineral supplements.
What do you want from me blood?

(Spoken) Ouch! Damn roses. Damn thorns.
(Sucks on finger, plant makes sucking noises) You opened up!

(Sung) I've given you sunlight.
I've given you rain.
Looks like you're not happy,
'Less I open a vein.
I'll give you a few drops
If that'll appease.
Now please-oh please-grow for me!

MY HOMETOWN

How the culture is changing?

Nowadays, culture is changing a lot, because the world is more global, there are more people, more immigrants...
New technologies have made our lives easier and we have abandoned many customs, thoughts ... We have changed the way we talk, think, act ...
The crisis in the world has caused many people to abandon their culture and they go to another country to look for a better job, different customs, lifestyles ...
Now the mentality of people is more open than some years ago.

HOW THE CULTURE IS CHANGING:

In the past people worked in the market garden; however, nowadays this kind of job is disappearing in the name of the progress.
Currently, most of the people work and live in the city, and this change has made people's culture change too. One example of this is, on the one hand, the improvement in the access to school education and, on the other hand, the loss of a good familiar education in terms of social values because parents have to work.

HOW THE CULTURE IS CHANGING

I remember when I was a child, kids in my neighbourhood used to play all together in the street after they finished class, but ,unfortunately, nowadays they can’t do it because is more dangerous than before, so young people spend more time watching TV, playing at home and so on; in fact, they don’t socialize enough, and in my opinion it is bad.

RELIGION

Most of people in Murcia are catholic or they practise the Catholicism. In Catholicism there are several types of groups: Jehovah's Witnesses, Orthodox, Evangelists...
Nowadays, because of immigration we can see people with different religions like Islam, Judaism, Buddhism, etc.
All commons religions have a unique God, and a book which contains his dogmas, recommendations, rules and life habits.

RELIGION

Here in Murcia the most of the population is traditionally catholic. But, nowadays, more and more people are living their lives apart from religion. Immigration also has brought other religions such as subdivisions of Christianity (Baptist, evangelistic, etc.) or Islam.

RELIGION

In Spain, the traditional religion is Christianity and we usually celebrate all the festivities related to his religion like Easter and Xmas.
In my opinion, nowadays, religion is less important (for some people) because it is possible that before, people had more free time than now to go to the church, for example.
I said that almost all people are catholic but there are more and more people with different cultures in Spain and therefore, also there are different religions like the Muslim one.

RELIGIOn

In Alcantarilla, almost all people are catholic, then they believe in "Virgen de la Salud", the patron-saint of the town.

Unfortunately, young people are interested in other things and they hardly-ever go to the church; God isn’t important in their lives. Also, there are people that practise other religions, for example, Jehovah Witnesses or Evangelists.

In conclusion, in Alcantarilla there are people with different religions, but the most important is that everybody respects the other people, in fact, we live and let live.

TRADITIONS

In Murcia people always go out to have a lunch on Sunday to relax or they do other funny activities with the family. Also, people take a snack on Friday after work. However, young people go out to parties or just go for a walk with friends at the weekend.

TRADITIONS

There is a variety of traditions in Murcia. One of them is about food. In Murcia it is typical eating meat cakes that, I think, are only made in our region and they are very good, but, unfortunately, it has a lot of calories. The fish rice (caldero) is very typical too.
Also, there are religious traditions like the processions at Easter, in which its members give sweets to the public that see them.
Another tradition is the “Romería” that consists of going with the Fuensanta Virgin to her house in the mountain. Every year, more and more people go with her when the Fair finishes.

SPECIAL OCCASIONS

Well, in my village there´re many special occasions, like The Easter Week, there´re many religious parades with the most important scenes from the life of Jesus and his saints.

The last weekend, we celebrate the parade in honour of (Nuestra Señora del Alba), with a group of people, called “auroros”, who sing and play music with traditional instruments. It´s nice.

The next weekend, it’s the same with The Rosario Virgin.

Another important occasion is the celebration of the festivities in honour of another Virgin, The Health (La Salud).
It´s also a pagan festivity, because people drink a lot and at the end a witch is burned. Oh, what a pity!

Finally, I think there are too many Virgins and too much alcohol.

TRADITIONS AND SPECIAL OCCASIONS IN MY REGION: MURCIA.

Murcia has a lot of traditions like its local dances where people wear traditional clothes or the processions with religious idols on the streets.
At Christmas you can see in a lot of figures where Jesus birth is shown / represented.
Another special occasion is in September with "La Romería", in this annual festival, people come from all over the villages to go with the local saint "La Fuensanta" to the mountain where she has her church.

SPECIAL OCCASIONS

There are many special occasions in which you can enjoy the people, the weather and the beautiful squares in Murcia.
At Christmas you can see a fantastic festival in "Santo Domingo" square, at Easter there are great figures of Salzillo in the street and, of course, in summer you can enjoy our fantastic beaches, some of which are still wild.
It is easy to find a special occasion to have a beer at the flowers square with good friends.

SPECIAL OCCASIONS

In Spain there are a lot of festivals, but people celebrate specially two of them.

- Easter. It is a Catholic celebration in which people commemorate Jesus death.
- Christmas. People celebrate when Jesus was born and when the Three Wise Men visited him in Belen.

LANGUAGE

In our city, the language is Spanish. But there are a lot of people from different countries here, so they also speak other languages, such as Chinese and Muslim. These days, people like learning languages too for studying, working or travelling reasons. The most commons are English and French. We have got another typical language which old people used to speak some years ago. It is called Panocho, but now it is dying out.

LANGUAGE

In Murcia, the official language is Spanish but there is a particular way of speaking the Spanish language named "panocho".
It consists of the omission of the last sound or syllable, for example: "todo" sounds "to". In Panocho dialect there area lot of own expressions like: "pico' squina", "ta too güeno" or "vente pacá". This is very strange for the people of the rest of Spain and it is very complicated for tourists to understand us.

Language in my country

In Spain there are five different languages: Galician, Euskera, Catalan, Valenciano and Spanish. The official language in all the country is Spanish; the other four languages are co-official languages in different places of Spain. Moreover, there are a lot of languages spoken by tourists and immigrants like English, Italian, French, Arabic, Germany, and many more. In addition, in Spain people try to learn English as second or third language both for work and as a hobby.

Alcantarilla (language/national costume)

In Alcantarilla there aren't different languages, everybody speaks Spanish but we speak with a special accent. There is a dialect called panocho that nowadays it is not spoken.
In Alcantarilla people is starting to wear brand clothes. In the past people wore comfortable clothes to work in the country.

LANGUAGE
In our region, called "Región de Murcia", the oficial language is Spanish, but we have also an old language, known as "Panocho" that was spoken years ago by local inhabitants.

NATIONAL COSTUME
We have our own typical costume, that is used on special events as "el Bando de la Huerta" and other local festivals.
It´s always worn by groups that play them and dance with typical music.

CULTURE CHANGE.

Nowadays, there is an only one difference between people who live in the city and people who live in the nearest villages: young people live in the city. This is because more people than in the past go to University and it is in the city. Another change that we can see is about Technology. Nowadays most of the citizens use gadgets such as I-Pods, mobiles phones, tablets or laptops, which are very popular among young people. We could conclude that nowadays young people is moving the world and leading the change.

TRADITIONAL COSTUME.

Here in Murcia we have a traditional costume. This costume is different if you are a man or a woman. If you are a man, you have to wear white special trousers called "Zaragüeles". If you are a woman, you have to wear a special skirt. This skirt, which is called "Refajo", is made of cotton, it is very heavy but very beautiful too. It has a fantastic design which is handmade.

NATIONAL COSTUME

In Spain every region, city and town has its costume. Actually, these costumes are a heritage of past centuries and nowadays there are people who work to recover these costumes. They look for them in old books and they ask the oldest person in the town about them. Thanks to them, we have been able to dress young people with traditional costumes in special occasion like local festivities.

National Costume

In Murcia, people use a traditional costume when the “Bando de la Huerta” takes place. For women it consists of a long skirt with handmade flowers and a white shirt with shorts sleeves. Over this shirt they usually wear a big “mantón”. On their head they usually wear traditional jewellery. On their feet they usually wear a pair of long white socks and a pair of special shoes called “esparteñas”.
For men it consists of a white pair of trousers called “zaragüeles” and a white shirt with long sleeves. Over this shirt they usually wear a vest, and round their waist they usually wear a “faja” of the same colour as the vest.
On their feet they use the same things as women.

nb2 20/10/11

CHARACTER:person [countable]
a) a person in a book, play, film etc:
Candida is the most interesting character in the play.

INFORMAL EMAIL:
From:
To:
Subject:
Hi (Dear) ____________(,)
Best wishes / kisses / lots of love- love from… / take care /thinking of you …

Say hello to Peter from me (Dale recuerdos a Pedro de mi parte)

P127 1C
a)
You’re standing…
They aren’t playing...
…are you studying …?
We’re thinking…
Is she wearing …?
They are making a …
Is your brother working…?
She isn’t / She’s not talking…
b)
He doesn’t bite.
Why are you wearing….? It’s raining.
I’m not listening to it.
I don’t have…
The baby is putting...
Do you usually cook...?
We normally eat out.
What are you doing here?
I’m meeting Emma.

Hard working / post office / musician / drink / pasta.

GREAT / FLIGHT / TIRED / PLEASED / AGAIN

hear /hɪr / ||/hɪə(r)/ here /hɪr / ||/hɪə(r)/ (homophones)

Capital letter –mayuscula
Apostrophe- apóstrofo
Go on a trip

Homework p 147 vocabulary and p 13 answer the questions

ni2 19/10/11

P 13 ex 7
1. progress
2. completed
3. repeated
4. completed
5. progress
6. repeated
7. completed
8. how long

P 13 ex 8
1. a) normally she lives there b) emphasis in how long.
2. a) in progress b) I’ve tried once or twice, it didn’t work.
3. a) normally b) complete
4. a) progress b) repeated

gardener / ˈɡɑːdnə(r)/
Phone booth = box

Why have you been living in this phone box?
How long have you been living in here?
What have you been doing for food?
How have you been sleeping?

Pick‧y informal
someone who is picky only likes particular things and not others, and so is not easy to please:
He's a very picky eater.
Good riddance (to somebody)
spoken a rude way of saying you are glad someone has left:
She was awful. Good riddance to her, I say!
Crisp [countable] British English
a very thin flat round piece of potato that is cooked in oil and eaten cold [↪ chip; = potato chip AmE]
a packet of crisps
Quit past tense and past participle quit also quitted British Englishpresent participle quitting
1 [intransitive and transitive] informal to leave a job, school etc, especially without finishing it completely:
He quit his job after an argument with a colleague.
I quit school at 16.
She has decided to quit show business.
People are now calling on the chairman to quit.
2 [intransitive and transitive] especially American English to stop doing something, especially something that is bad or annoying [↪ give up]:
The majority of smokers say that they would like to quit the habit.
Quit it, Robby, or I'll tell mom!
We've done what we can. Let's quit.

Homework: grammar bank 1D and page 17

-ing (from mansioningles.com)

El gerundio se forma en inglés añadiendo la desinencia 'ing' (sin 'to') al infinitivo del verbo.

To play / jugar playing / jugando

CONSIDERACIONES

- Cuando el infinitivo termina en consonante precedida de una sola vocal pronunciada más fuerte, la consontante última se duplica:

To sit sitting (sentarse)

- Cuando el infinitivo termina en '-e' muda, ésta desaparece.

To write writing (escribir)

- Cuando el infinitivo termina en 'ie' cambia a 'y' + 'ing'

To lie lying (mentir)

USO DEL GERUNDIO

- Como sujeto en una expresión

Reading English is easier than speaking it / Leer inglés es más fácil que hablarlo

- En algunas expresiones de prohibición

No smoking / Prohibido fumar

- Se emplea para obtener la forma progresiva de los verbos

I am reading a book / Estoy leyendo un libro

- Cuando a un verbo precede de forma inmediata una preposición se utiliza la forma de gerundio.

After swimming I felt cold / Después de nadar me sentí resfriado
They had difficulty in finding a parking place / Tuvieron dificultad para encontrar una plaza de aparcamiento

- Como complemento de un verbo

His hobby is painting / Su hobby es la pintura

- Se utiliza frecuentemente después de los verbos 'to go' y 'to come'

Come sailing with us next Saturday / Ven a navegar con nosotros el próximo sábado

nb2 18/10/11

ROUTINES
I’m (at) home-in my house / I go home-to work / I get-arrive-come back home.
I start/finish work-my lessons at…
Leave home – marcharse de casa
go (out) for a meal/ask somebody out for a meal/take somebody (out) for a meal/have/eat a meal/cook/prepare/make a meal/enjoy your meal! (=I hope you like your food)
Have/make/cook breakfast/lunch/dinner.
Eat (your) lunch/have (your) lunch (=eat lunch)/have something for lunch (=eat a particular food or dish at lunchtime).
In the (early/late) morning (12h)/afternoon(18h)/evening(24h)
At night.
Homework/housework (uncountable).
First/then/later/next/after that/finally.
In the-during the week/at the weekend-at weekends.
Another country/other countries.
DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES=the information in the relative clause is necessary to understand the sentence. It’s not between commas.
A celebrity is a person WHO-THAT doesn’t want people to recognize her.
A waiter is a person WHO-THAT works in a restaurant.
A secret is something WHICH-THAT you only tell one person.
A mobile phone is something WHICH-THAT you use to talk to people.
A bank is a place WHERE you can borrow money only if you don’t need it.
A supermarket is a place WHERE you can buy anything.
p.127 1D
a)
Who, which, which, where, who, which
b)
c, e, a, f, d, b
c)
She’s the woman who lives next door to me.
That’s the shop where I bought my dress.
He is the actor who was in Friends.
They are the children who broke my window.
This is the restaurant where they make great pasta.
That’s the switch which controls the central heating.
That’s the teacher who teaches my sister.
That’s the room where we have our meetings.
…
These are the players who won the league.
This is the tennis player who won Wimbledon.
That’s the showman who eats light bulbs.
They are the dogs which bark every night.


Define
Paraphrase
Grass mower, garlic, clown, changing /fitting room, octopus, bellboy.
You challenge somebody from the other group.

Homework: p 14

ni2 17/10/11

Grammar practice
1A

Are asking
Isn’t working
Is telling
Are moving
Are dying out /aren’t doing
I’m queuing
I’m constantly having to
Are you wearing
When I arrive at the border, Helen is waiting for me.
Are we trying hard enough not to lose our traditions.

1B

Like very much
Does well
The tension carefully
Too scary
Almost screamed
Recently
Pretty good
Starts rather slowly
Quickly
Never talk

1C

So do I
Neither do I
Neither can I
Neither do I
So can I
Neither am I
So am I
So am I

…

So do I neither do I
So can I neither can I
So am I neither do I
So am I neither am I
So am I neither do I
So do I neither can I
So can I neither am I


…
rev‧el‧ler British English ; reveler American English [countable usually plural] someone who is having fun singing, dancing etc in a noisy way

I’d feel embarrassed/ashamed if I had to show my life in public.

The little island in the middle of nowhere with people coming once in a while.

You’re so sweet- que majo!!!

Slightly different

Dole /dəʊl/ sustantivo (BrE) the ~ el subsidio de desempleo, el paro(Esp), la cesantía (Chi);
to be on the ~ estar(conj.⇒) cobrando subsidio de desempleo or (Chi tb)
...
• State verbs son verbos cuyos significados están relacionados con una condición ó estado que son hechos NO actividades.
• Este grupo de verbos solo se usan normalmente en el present simple o elpresent perfect simple.
• Los state verbs se pueden dividirse en varios grupos:

1. Verbos de pensar y opiniones

Believe -creer
Think - pensar
Understand - entender
Suppose - suponer
Expect - esperar
Agree - estar de acuerdo
Doubt - dudar
Know - conocer/saber
Remember - recordar
Forget - olvidar
Mean - significar
Imagine - imaginar
Realize - darse cuenta
Deserve - merecer
Prefer - preferir

2. Verbos de emociones

Like -gustar
Love - amar
Hate - odiar
Care - cuidar
Hope - esperar
Wish - desear
Want - querer
Admit - reconocer

3. Verbos de tener y ser

Belong - pertenecer
Own - poseer
Have - tener
Possess - poseer
Contain - contener
Cost - costar
Seem - parecer
Appear - aparecer
Need - necesitar
Depend on - dependerse de
Weigh - pesar
Come from - ser de

4. Verbos de los sentidos

Look - mirar
Hear - oir
Taste - probar
Smell - oler
Feel - sentirse

ALGUNOS de estos verbos se pueden usar con el presente continuo pero entonces tienen otro significado y expresan una actividad y no un estado.

Think past tense and past participle thought
1
opinion/belief
[transitive] to have a particular opinion or to believe that something is true
think (that)
I think that you're being unfair.
I thought I heard something.
2 use your mind
[intransitive and transitive] to use your mind to solve something, decide something, imagine something etc:
She thought very carefully before answering.
Wait a minute - I'm thinking

ni2 : customs and habits

Nazareno 2 sustantivo masculino (penitente) penitent (in Holy Week processions)
Túnica sustantivo femenino ( Relig ) robe
Belén: crib / nativity
AT Christmas / Easter - IN spring / (the) summer
Carroza sustantivo femenino (de carnaval) float
The three wise men
The burning of the witch
Festivities [plural] things such as drinking, eating, or dancing that are done to celebrate a special occasion:
The festivities started with a procession through the town.
Madrid está bien comunicada con Sevilla, Madrid has good connections with Sevilla
In honour of
Sporting activities / events
People parade around the town
Alcohol poisoning

nb2 13/10/11

p.127
1Aa
Are you going to go out….
Where does your sister…
… are you listening to?
Does the class finish…
Why didn’t you…
Do you often go…
What does this…
What time did your friends…
1Ab
Do you have a car?
Is your brother older than you?
How often does he write to you?
What time does this class start?
Where did you go last summer?
How many languages do you speak?
Are you going to see her this evening?
Who are you waiting for?
1Ba
Does Anna like music?
She has a lot of hobbies
I don’t get on very well with my sister
My brother doesn’t know me very well
Do they have any children?
Does the film finish late?
He goes out twice a week
We don’t often talk about politics.
1Bb
Do...open…
Doesn’t have
Listen
Doesn’t talk
Does … get on…
Doesn’t work…
…
The present:

HAVE
- I have a car / I don’t have a car / Do you have car? No, I don’t / Yes, I do
- I have breakfast
- I haven’t a car (Wrong)

HAVE GOT (similar to the verb to be no auxiliary verb needed)
- I have got a sister / I haven’t got a sister / Have you got a sister? Yes, I have / No, I haven’t.
- I have got breakfast (wrong)

The present perfect.

- I have (auxiliary) read your mail a minute ago / I haven’t read your mail yet / Have you read my email? No, I haven’t / Yes, I have.
…
messy
Coins – notes (a five pound note)
Guess what
Laugh
How do you pronounce this word?
…
Like
I like reading comics
I like playing basket
Like to
I like to go to the dentist
Would like
I would like to have chicken wings
…
Homework: 1c grammar bank

nb2 11/10/11

Wrist /rɪst/- muñeca
Ankle / ˈæŋkəl/-tobillo
Play hangman
Xmas
What’s she like?-personality
What does she look like?-physical appearance.
Dislike
…
Cloak-capa
Winter clothes, hats, coats, long dresses…
They are talking and drinking
Doing her hair/looking at herself in the mirror
They are leaving
She has fair/red hair and her face in white/blue. She has very red lips. Perhaps she is dancing or looking at something.

ni2 10/10/11

fair‧ly
1 [+ adjective/adverb] more than a little, but much less than very[↪ quite]:
The house had a fairly large garden.
She speaks English fairly well.
The instructions seem fairly straightforward.
lay‧er [countable]
1 an amount or piece of a material or substance that covers a surface or that is between two other things
layer of
A thick layer of dust lay on the furniture.
The moon was shining through a thin layer of cloud.
He pulled off layer upon layer of clothing (=many layers of clothing).
in layers
Arrange the peppers, garlic and tomatoes in layers.
➔ OZONE LAYER
trick‧y comparative trickier, superlative trickiest
1 something that is difficult to deal with or do because it is complicated and full of problems:
I can get you tickets for the show but it'll be tricky.
2 a tricky person is clever and likely to deceive you [= crafty]

This book is a must (you can’t miss it)
Involvement
…
To show interest we can use:
Adverbs
Question tags (I’m too tall, aren’t I? it must be Peter, musn’t it? Peter goes crazy every time he sees her, doesn’t he?)
Negative questions to show knowledge
Some verbs: guess, assume…
So/neither do I…
…
The great, great book of phrasal verbs…
1) You have to go to the gym, haven’t you?
2) It’s very expensive for us, isn’t it?
3) You should play with your brother, shouldn’t you?
4) They will be doing the homework, won’t they?
5) Peter and you have to go home, haven’t you?
6) Mariano wakes up at six o’clock, doesn’t he?
7) There would be less accidents, wouldn’t there?
8) Things here could be harder, couldn’t they?
…
So/neither
- I can’t look.
- Neither can I / I can
- I feel stressed
- So do I / I don’t
…
up‧beat
positive and making you feel that good things will happen[≠ downbeat]:
an upbeat message
Tedious
Relief
Isolation
draw [countable]
1 the final result of a game or competition in which both teams or players have the same number of points [= tie]:
The match ended in a draw.


go for
vi + prep
1 (=attack) (physically, verbally) atacar
suddenly the dog went for me de pronto el perro me atacó or fue a por mí
go for him! (to dog) ¡a él!
2 *
(=like, fancy)
I don't go for his films very much no me gustan mucho sus películas
I don't go for that sort of talk no me va esa clase de conversación
I could really go for him! ¡me gusta muchísimo!, ¡me mola cantidad! (Sp) *
I go for quiet, unassuming types me gustan or me van más los tipos callados y sin pretensiones
3 (=strive for) dedicarse a obtener
go for it! * ¡a por ello!, ¡adelante!
I decided to go for it * decidí intentarlo
4 (=choose) escoger, optar por
I'll go for the cream caramel para mí flan
5 IDIOMS to have a lot going for one
he has a lot going for him tiene mucho a su favor
the theory has a lot going for it la teoría cuenta con muchas ventajas

nb2 6/10/11

Make the effort to speak English as much as possible.
…
! exclamation mark
? question mark
“”inverted commas
. stop (and new paragraph) / dot
, comma
: colon
; semi-colon
- dash
/ slash
_ underscore
@ at
…
Ship – sheep
Shit – sheet
…
It’s an awful film = it’s very bad
…
cross‧word also crossword puzzle [countable]
a word game in which you write the answers to questions in a pattern of numbered boxes:
I like to sit down and do the crossword.
…
walk 1 /wɔːk/
talk 1 /tɔːk/
work /wɜːk/
…
MTV Parental control
Blind date
Speed dating
Funny ha-ha or funny weird

ni2 5/10/11

Chorus / ˈkɔːrəs/
Choir / ˈkwaɪə(r)/
Pauses /pɔːzɪz/
Through /θruː/
Though /ðəʊ/
Thought /θɔːt/
Tough /tʌf/
Die-dying
Dye-dying
Figure out:
1 to think about a problem or situation until you find the answer or understand what has happened
figure out how/what/why etc
Can you figure out how to do it?
If I have a map, I can figure it out.
Don't worry, we'll figure something out (=find a way to solve the problem).
2 to understand why someone behaves in the way they do:
Women. I just can't figure them out.
Hooray/hʊˈreɪ/:
shouted when you are very glad about something
—hooray noun [countable]
➔ hip hip hooray
em‧broi‧der
1 [intransitive and transitive] to decorate cloth by sewing a pattern, picture, or words on it with coloured threads
embroider something with something
The dress was embroidered with flowers.
embroider something on something
A colourful design was embroidered on the sleeve of the shirt.
a richly embroidered jacket.

nb2 4/10/11

CORRECT THE ERRORS (NB2)

A)
Normally I get up at seven o’clock, on weekends also. In the days of the week for go to job and in the weekend days for go to make sport or other recreative activities.
(CORRECTION) I normally get up at seven o’clock, also at the weekends, in (the days of) the week in order to go to work and at the weekend in order to do sport or other activities.

For lunch, between two and three pm all days. But for dinner is different between Monday to Thursday and weekend. In the normal week I dinner between 9 – 9.30 pm and in the weekend later.
(CORRECTION) I have lunch between 2 and three in the afternoon everyday, but I normally have dinner between 9 and 9.30 in the evening and later at the weekend.

In the days of the week I don’t make extra activities. I only go two times at the Language School, but in the weekend it’s another story: I make sport, go out with my wife to the cinema, to dinner with my friends, we go to the mountain for trekkin.
(CORRECTION) In the week I never do extra activities. I only go to the Language School twice a week, but at the weekend it’s another story: I do sport, I go to the cinema with my wife, I have dinner with my friends, and we go trekking to the mountain.

At the weekend, when we eat at home, we normally cook a special dish, because we love eat good and cooking, our friends love it.
(CORRECTION) At the weekend, when we eat at home, normally we cook a special food, because we love cooking and eating well, our friends love it.


B)
Everyday a get up at seven o’clock (when I have work!!). (CORRECTION) Everyday I get up at seven o’clock (when I have to work!!/when I work).

I usually go out for do exercise. I like do footing half hour from Monday to Friday. Afther exercise I have a shower I make the breakfast for my family (coffe milk and fruit). At 08:45 I go to school with my daughters.
(CORRECTION) I usually go out to do exercise. I like going jogging for half an hour from Monday to Friday. After doing exercise I have a shower and I make breakfast for my family (coffee, milk and fruit). At 08:45 I go to school with my daughters / At 08:45 I take my daughters to school.


At 09:30 start my work. I have a cooffe at 12:00 and the 04:00 finish the work. Then I pick up the daughters. When I get home I quicly eat and if I can I watching TV. But on the Tuesday and Wednesday I go to school then I’m very strees. But at the week end I get up later and I’m very relax every week end.
I can reading book and watching TV.
(CORRECTION) I start work at 09:30. I have a coffee at 12:00 and I finish work at 04:00 in the afternoon. Then I pick up my daughters. When I get home I eat quickly and, if I can, I watch TV. But on Tuesday and Wednesday I go to school, so I’m very stressed. But at the weekend I get up later and I’m very relaxed.
I can read a book and watch TV.

…

Civil servant
Pay attention

…

PARA in English

TO or IN ORDER TO + VERB
I go to School in order to learn English

FOR + NOUN
That’s a present for Peter

…

Questions with verbs with preposition (look at, listen to, work with…)

Who do you work with?
What are you looking at?
Who are you listening to?

…

NI2 3/10/11

Murcia is a beautiful and small city located near of the cost of Mediterranean sea. Almost all year is sunny and warm, except in summer when is hotest places in the world.
(Correction) Murcia is a beautiful and small city located near (of) the coast of the Mediterranean Sea. It is sunny and warm almost all year, except in summer when it is one of the hottest places in the world.

People are extrovert and kind and there are a lot of festivals or holidays on depend of the season. In winter, like everywhere, here have the Christmas days, in spring are very popular the bando the la huerta or el entierro de la sardine, with traditional food and clothes, are parties very happies with music by street.
(Correction) People are extrovert and kind and there are a lot of festivals or holidays depending on the season. In winter, like everywhere, we celebrate Christmas. In spring, the “bando de la huerta” or “el entierro de la sardina” are very popular, with traditional food and clothes, and there are some parties which are great/a lot of fun, with music in the street.

In summer the most of people go out to the beaches althouth currently many people go to the foreing countries. In September is the feria with bullfighters and typical taberns maked specially for these days in the public gardens of the city and the attractions in la Fica
(Correction) In summer, most of the people go to the beaches, although currently many people go to foreign countries/abroad. The fair is in September, with bullfights and typical taverns made specially for these days in the public gardens of the city and the attractions in “la Fica”.

merry-go-round
1 [countable] a machine that turns around and around, and has model animals or cars for children to sit on [= carousel AmE; = roundaboutBrE]
roller coaster [countable]
1 a track with very steep slopes and curves, which people ride on in small carriages at FAIRs and AMUSEMENT PARKs
big wheel [countable] British English
a machine used in AMUSEMENT PARKs, consisting of a very large upright wheel with seats hanging from it, which turns round slowly [= ferris wheel]
tram‧po‧line [countable]
a piece of equipment that you jump up and down on as a sport. It consists of a metal frame with a piece of strong cloth stretched tightly over it.