ni2 20-11-12

How long did you live in Munich?

How long has he been driving?

How long have they been married?

How long have you been working there?

How long was he married?

How long have you known each other?

How long have we been talking?

How long has she been learning German?

How long did it take you to get there?

...

anniversary /ˌænɪˈvɜːsəri/ UK  US  sustantivo (plural -ries)

aniversario

historic /hɪˈstɒrɪk/ UK  US  adjetivo

histórico -a

a historic moment

un momento histórico

nightmare /ˈnaɪtmeə/ UK  US  sustantivo

pesadilla

cafe, también café /ˈkæfeɪ, AmE kæˈfeɪ/ UK  US  sustantivo

café, bar

A playlist.

Sing along with a song.

Loads of.

Become close with sb.

Party hard.

Whenever.

Moving, uplifting, catchy...

That matches my mood.

Have music on.

Jazz doesn’t do anything for me.

whenever /wenˈevə/ UK  US  conjunción

1 cada vez que, siempre que

Whenever I go it's always closed.

Siempre que voy, está cerrado.

2 cuando

Do it whenever it's convenient.

Hazlo cuando te venga bien.

wherever /weərˈevə/ UK  US  conjunción &  adverbio

 •  conjunción

1 dondequiera que

wherever I go

dondequiera que vaya/voy

2 donde

Sleep wherever you like.

Duerme donde quieras.

whatever /wɒtˈevə/ UK  US  pronombre, adverbio &  adjetivo

 •  pronombre

1 lo que, todo lo que

Take whatever you need.

Coge lo que necesites.

2 whatever you decide/whatever he suggests etc decidas lo que decidas/sugiera lo que sugiera etc

Whatever he does, she always complains.

Haga lo que haga, siempre se queja.

3 whatever you do (al hacer recomendaciones) sobre todo

Whatever you do, don't tell her.

Sobre todo, no se lo cuentes a ella.

4 or whatever o lo que sea

a pizza, a sandwich, or whatever

una pizza, un sándwich o lo que sea

5 qué (demonios)

Whatever are you talking about?

¿De qué demonios hablas?

whatever next! ¡lo que faltaba!

 •  adverbio (también whatsoever /ˌwɒtsəʊˈevə/)

absolutamente, en absoluto

There's no doubt whatever.

No hay ninguna duda en absoluto.

 •  adjetivo

cualquier, todo -a

I'll take whatever flight is available.

Cogeré cualquier vuelo que haya.

live ¹ /lɪv/ verbo intransitivo

I live in Pliego

live ² /laɪv/ adjetivo

a live concert

life /laɪf/ sustantivo (pl lives)

1.                      countable or uncountable (existence) vida f;
it will last you for life te durará toda la vida;

chees‧y

1 tasting like cheese or containing cheese:

cheesy sauces

2 informal cheap and not of good quality:

a cheesy soap opera

I can’t stand

The Final Countdown (Europe)

Correct the verb tenses (when necessary):

We left together
But still it's farewell
And maybe we are coming back,
To earth, who can tell?

I guess there is no one to blame
We leave ground
Would things ever be the same again?
It's the final countdown.

The final countdown.

Oh, We're going to head for Venus
And still we stand tall
Cause maybe they saw us
And welcome us all, yeah
With so many light years to go
And things to find
I'm sure that we've all missed her so
It's the final countdown.

...

We're leaving together
But still it's farewell
And maybe we'll come back,
To earth, who can tell?

I guess there is no one to blame
We're leaving ground (leaving ground)
Will things ever be the same again?
It's the final countdown.

The final countdown.

Oh, We're heading for Venus (Venus)
And still we stand tall
Cause maybe they've seen us
And welcome us all, yeah
With so many light years to go
And things to be found (to be found)
I'm sure that we'll all miss her so
It's the final countdown.

Stative and dynamic verbs: Introduction

Verbs in English can be classified into two categories: stative verbs and dynamic verbs. Dynamic verbs (sometimes referred to as "action verbs") usually describe actions we can take, or things that happen; stative verbs usually refer to a state or condition which is not changing or likely to change. The difference is important, because stative verbs cannot normally be used in the continuous (BE + ING) forms. This will explain the differences between the two types of verb, and give lots of examples of each kind.

Dynamic verbs

There are many types of dynamic verbs, but most of them describe activities or events which can begin and finish. Here are some examples:

Dynamic Verb	Type	Examples
play	activity	She plays tennis every Friday. She's playing tennis right now.
melt	process	The snow melts every spring. The snow is melting right now
hit	momentary action	When one boxer hits another, brain damage can result. (This suggests only ONE punch.) When one boxer is hitting another, brain damage can result. (This suggests MANY repeated punches.)

Dynamic verbs, as you can see from the table above, can be used in the simple and perfect forms (plays, played, has played, had played) as well as the continuous or progressive forms (is playing, was playing, has been playing, had been playing).

Stative verbs

Stative verbs usually refer to a state or condition which is quite static or unchanging. They can be divided into verbs ofperception or cognition (which refer to things in the mind), or verbs of relation (which describe the relationships between things). Here are some examples:

Stative Verb	Type	Examples
hate	perception	I hate chocolate.
believe	perception	She believes in UFOs.
contain	relation	The box contains 24 cans of soda.
own	relation	Yong owns three motorbikes.

Note that we CANNOT use these verbs in the continuous (progressive) forms; you CAN'T say "*Yong is owning three cars." Owning is a state, not an action, so it is always in the simple form.

Example verbs

Here some common stative and dynamic verbs. The lists may help you to understand what types of verbs are likely to be stative and what types are commonly dynamic.

Stative Verbs	love; hate; like; see; hear; sound; think (meaning "have an opinion"); mind (meaning "care about");recognize; seem; have (meaning "own"); prefer; doubt; consist of; mean
Dynamic Verbs	eat; drink; go; type; read; write; listen; speak; watch; say; grow; work; sleep; cook; talk

Dynamic verbs, as you can see from the table above, can be used in the simple and perfect forms (plays, played, has played, had played) as well as the continuous or progressive forms (is playing, was playing, has been playing, had been playing).

When you are sure that you understand the lesson, you can continue with the exercises.

Continue with the exercises