NI2 22/3/18

p. 55

be keen on sth-> ser aficionado a /estar interesado en algo

last a long time-> durar mucho tiempo

look good on me-> me queda bien

in the sales

be in debt

bargain

go window-shopping

come empty-haded

price tag

cheap BAD QUALITY low in price and quality Cheap wine gives me a headache. cheap jewellery The furniture looked cheap and nasty. a cheap imitation of the real thing

a rip-off-> estafa

the label

designer brands

a purchase

retail therapy

That shirt fits me ok

That skirt suits me

fit /fɪt/ ●●● S1 W2 verb (past tense and past participle fitted also fit American English, present participle fitting) 

1 CLOTHES

a) [intransitive, transitive] if a piece of clothing fits you, it is the right size for your body

- His clothes did not fit him very well.

- The uniform fitted her perfectly.

- The jacket’s fine, but the trousers don’t fit.

- I know this dress is going to fit you like a glove (=fit you very well).

► Use fit to say that clothes are not too big or too small. Use suit to say that clothes look attractive on someone: The dress fits, but it doesn’t suit me.

I like going/to go to the gym. It's so relaxing. (=I enjoy visiting it)
Because of my weight problem I like to go to the gym at least twice a week (= I think it's a good idea)"

look forward to something

phrasal verb

to be excited and pleased about something that is going to happen

 I’m really looking forward to our vacation.

look forward to doing something

- My mother says she’s looking forward to meeting you.

Grammar

You say:

I’m looking forward to your visit.

✗Don’t say: I’m looking forward for your visit. | I’m looking forward your visit.

• He said he would miss having company day and night but was looking forward to returning home.

• He looked forward to the end of his shift.

p. 56

carve /kɑːv/ UK  US  verbo

1  [transitivo/intransitivo] esculpir, tallar

a figure  carved in/from  marble

clay /kleɪ/ UK  US  sustantivo

arcilla, barro

pot /pɒt/ UK  US  sustantivo

1 tetera, cafetera

2 olla

pots and pans

cacharros

3 bote, tarro

4 maceta, tiesto

5  (informal) marihuana

rug /rʌg/ UK  US  sustantivo

1 alfombra

2 manta [de viaje]

silk /sɪlk/ UK  US  sustantivo

1 seda

2 a silk shirt/tie una camisa/corbata de seda

weave /wiːv/ UK  US  verbo (pasado wove, participio woven)

1  [transitivo] tejer [en un telar]

2  [transitivo] entretejer

straw /strɔː/ UK  US  sustantivo

1 paja

a straw hat/basket etc un sombrero/una cesta etc de paja

2 pajita

souvenir /ˌsuːvəˈnɪə/ UK  US  sustantivo

souvenir, recuerdo

ˌprickly ˈpear noun [countable, uncountable] 

a type of cactus that has yellow flowers and red fruit. The fruit is also called a prickly pear.

a‧pron /ˈeɪprən/ ●●○ noun [countable] 

1 a piece of clothing that covers the front part of your clothes and is tied around your waist, worn to keep your clothes clean, especially while cooking

p. 58

ˈflea ˌmarket noun [countable] 

a market where old or used goods are sold

vi‧nyl /ˈvaɪnəl/ noun [uncountable] 

1 a type of strong plastic

2 records that are played on a record player – used especially when comparing them to CDs

stall /stɔːl/ UK  US  sustantivo, sustantivo plural & verbo

 •  sustantivo

puesto, tenderete

trunk /trʌŋk/ UK  US  sustantivo &  sustantivo plural

 •  sustantivo

1 tronco

2  AmE maletero [de un coche]

 ▶ En inglés británico se usa  boot

3 trompa [de un elefante]

4 baúl [para guardar cosas]

NA2 22/3/18

p. 96

quirky /ˈkwɜːki $ -ɜːr-/ adjective 

unusual, especially in an interesting way

- I like his quirky sense of humour.

Ex. 1

ex‧tinct /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/ ●●○ adjective 

1 an extinct type of animal or plant does not exist anymore

- Dinosaurs have been extinct for millions of years.

- Pandas could become extinct in the wild.

- an extinct species

It’s made a return

Efforts to protect its natural habitat.

A cure for the common cold

Zinc at the first sign of a cold they recovered a day earlier

Chocolate maker

Chocolate with antioxidants

Chocolate and a good skin don’t match

The world happiest nation

Baqlance of human well-being

Health, long life, low levels of poverty, ecological footprint

The US are further down in the list

Homework: p. 96, ex 6 + p. 97, ex 11 ( writing activity) + p. 98, reading activity.

NI1 22/3/18

Sorry, the computer got blocked and I lost the classnotes.

We almost finished unit 3B. 

Read the text on page 30 during the holidays, I gave those who came some grammar photocopies too, ask me for yours if you didn't when we come back..

NB2 21/3/18

p. 73

ex. 6

have – had, moved – move, stopped –stop, started – start, won – win, get – got, left – leave, become – become.

Would you like to come to my place (house)?

Like, hate, love, enjoy

I like dancing in a discoteque.

We love watching soap operas.

ˈsoap ˌopera, también soap UK  US  sustantivo

telenovela, culebrón

I would like to go dancing to a club.

I would like to watch a soap opera

I would buy a new car.

Ex. 8

I’d really like to spend...

I’d really like to meet...

My brother would like to learn...

She would like to change...

I wouldn’t like to be famous.

I wouldn’t like to live...

Would you like to get... ?

Would you like to come shopping with me tomorrow?

p. 74

For and against-> a favor y en contra

lime /laɪm/ UK  US  sustantivo &  adjetivo

 •  sustantivo

1 lima

2 cal

Homework: read the text on page 75 for vocabulary.

guy /gaɪ/ UK  US  sustantivo

1  (informal) tipo

a really nice guy

un tipo muy simpático

2 guys se usa en lenguaje coloquial para dirigirse a un grupo de personas

I'll see you guys later.

Os veo luego.

p. 76

how‧dy /ˈhaʊdi/ interjection American English informal  hello

NA2 21/3/18

flat‧ter‧ing /ˈflætərɪŋ/ adjective 

clothes, pictures etc that are flattering make someone look as attractive as they can or make something as good as possible, even if it is not really very good

- That colour is very flattering.

flat‧ter /ˈflætə $ -ər/ ●○○ verb [transitive] 

1 to praise someone in order to please them or get something from them, even though you do not mean it

- Perry would always flatter Mrs. Mitchell by praising her cooking.

► see thesaurus at praise

2 to make someone look as attractive as they can SYN suit

- That dress really flatters your figure.

3 to make something look or seem more important or better than it is

- Lewis’s novel doesn’t flatter Midwestern attitudes and morals.

p. 94

Ex. 1

... she had never been photographed before / he was a stranger.

... nobody knew the person.

... time and hardship had erased her youth.

... she’s had a hard life.

Ex. 7

She complemented me on my amazing photos /taking /having taken some amazing photos.

She encouraged me to do this professionally.

She accused him /me of being far too modest.

She suggested I went on a propper phtography course /going on a propper...

She promised to introduce to her friend.

She apologised for not having introduced me to her sooner.

She urged me to enter...

She offered to lend me her camera...

urge /ɜːdʒ $ ɜːrdʒ/ ●●○ W3 verb [transitive] 

1 to strongly suggest that someone does something

urge somebody to do something

- I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touch.

urge that

 -He urged that a referendum should be held by December.

urge something on/upon somebody

- I have urged upon him the need for extreme secrecy.

- The charity urged quick action.

GRAMMAR: Choosing the right tense

• You use the simple present tense with unless:Unless the government changes its policy, the economic situation will get worse.

• Don’t use ‘will’ in the clause after unless. 

✗Don’t say:Unless the government will change its policy ...

• You can also use the present perfect tense with unless:

I won’t change anything unless someone has asked me to.

✗Don’t say: unless someone will have asked me to |unless someone will ask me to

• To talk about the past, use the simple past with unless:

Unless the company got a loan, it would go bankrupt.

They threatened to kill him unless he gave them the money.

✗Don’t say: Unless the company would get a loan ...

USAGE: Unless, in case, or else•You use unless when saying that if something does not happen, something else will happen:

Unless I hear from you (=if I don’t hear from you), I’ll assume everything’s OK.

•You use in case when saying that you do something in order to be prepared if something happens:Take a sweater in case you get cold.

•You use or else when saying that something bad will happen if you do not do something:

You’d better go now, or else you’ll miss the train.

NB1 21/3/18

Present continious

I’m listening to music

I’m not listening to music

Are you listening to music?

Present simple

I’m a musician

I’m not a musician

Are you a musician?

I like listening to music

I listen to music at the weekend

I don’t listen to music at the  weekend

Do you listen to music at the weekend?

p. 132

5Ba

What’s he doing? He’s cooking

What are they doing? They’re watching TV

What’s he doing? He’s playing basket

What’s it doing? It’s barking

What are they doing? They’re singing

5Bb

I’m staying, are working, I’m sitting, are you doing, I’m looking, is learning, isn’t enjoying, is making, is helping,

Ex. 2f

He is cooking

They are playing football

He is having a shower

It’s raining

The dog is barking

He is flying / The plane is taking off (despegando)

young /jʌŋ/ UK  US  adjetivo & sustantivo

 •  adjetivo

joven

You're still young.

Todavía eres joven.

Argue – arguing

Shout – shouting at the dogs

washing /ˈwɒʆɪŋ/ UK  US  sustantivo BrE

colada

to do the washing hacer la colada

ˌwashing-ˈup UK  US  sustantivo BrE

platos sucios

to do the washing-up lavar los platos

ex. 4b

make noise, listen to loud music, play a musical instrument, shower, bath, have a party, move, picture, turn on

weather /ˈweðə/ UK  US  sustantivo

1 tiempo

What's the weather like?

¿Qué tiempo hace?

season /ˈsiːzən/ UK  US  sustantivo & verbo

 •  sustantivo

1 estación [del año]

Summer, autumn, spring, winter

London, Big Ben, it’s raining, yes

Homework: p. 159 (the weather)

NI2 20/3/18

p. 49

ex. 4

quick and easy, in preparation for, as you may think, low levels of stress, no  time, the minimum wage, do better for herself.

Ex.6.

I’m used to it, I’m slowly getting used to it, I’ll just have to get used to it, It took me a while to get used to, I’m totally used to it now, I don’t think I’ll ever get used to

I think I won’t get used to it

p. 53

ex. 7

much better, is a bit easier, up to 12 hours longer, much more, far less, about twice as big as.

My phone costs 200€ whereas jose’s one’s worth 1000€

Ex. 9

1c, 2b, 3a, 4f, 5e, 6d

Gines’s car is very big, while my one is much smaller

Wheel

go on the upper part of your body

top 5 CLOTHES a piece of clothing that you wear on the upper part of your body 

She was wearing a stripy knitted top. 

a skirt with a matching top 

a bikini top 

I can’t find my pyjama top.

Bottom CLOTHES [countable usually plural] the part of a set of clothes that you wear on the lower part of your body

 pyjama bottoms

 a blue bikini bottom

bragas sustantivo plural

knickers  (BrE), pants  (BrE), panties  (AmE)

unas bragas de encaje

a pair of lace knickers

calzoncillos sustantivo plural

underpants, pants (BrE)

unos calzoncillos blancos

a pair of white underpants

Homework: Read the text p. 55

Positions of adverbs

Adverbs can be used in three positions in a sentence or clause:

front (perhaps they’ll arrive this evening)

mid (she hardly knew him)

end (I left the bedroom and ran downstairs)

Different types of adverbs go in different positions. Here are some general guidelines:

Front position

The main types of adverbs that can be used in this position are those that:

begin a sentence or clause that’s linked in meaning to another:

People tend to put on weight in middle age. However, gaining weight is not inevitable.

I’ll begin with an overview of the product. Secondly, I’ll talk about projected sales.

refer to time or frequency:

Afterwards, we went out for a walk.

Sometimes she wonders what life’s all about.

refer to place:

There goes my bus!

Up he ran, soon disappearing from view.

comment on the rest of the sentence or clause (sentence adverbs):

Luckily, our meal lived up to expectation.

Clearly, more research is needed.

Mid position

This term refers to adverbs that can be used in the middle of a sentence or clause. The main kinds of adverbs found in this position are those that:

refer to frequency:

We always meet for coffee on Saturday.

She’s never been to Sweden.

refer to manner:

He carefully avoided my eye.

I slowly walked into town.

make the meaning of a verb, adjective, or other adverb stronger or weaker:

She nearly fell asleep at her desk.

These ideas are very complicated.

comment on the rest of the sentence or clause:

When we first heard this story, frankly, we couldn’t believe it.

focus on part of a sentence or clause:

I’m only going to stay in New York for a week.

Tina can’t just drop all her commitments.

End position

The main types of adverbs which can be used at the end of a sentence of clause are those that:

refer to manner:

It's an interesting plot twist, and one that works well.

For some reason, his career progressed slowly.

refer to time or frequency:

The troops flew home yesterday.

They’re sending hundreds of texts to each other monthly.

refer to place:

They’re sitting at the table over there.

There was a sudden burst of laughter from the people who could see outside.

Position of adverbs and verbs

Adverbs are often found between the subject and its verb:

We always meet for lunch at 1 p.m.

I completely forgot his name.

They can also come between an auxiliary verb (such as be or have) and a main verb:

The concert was suddenly cancelled.

He had quickly eaten his dinner.

NA2 20/3/18

ˈbinge ˌdrinking noun [uncountable] 

the activity of drinking a large amount of alcohol in a short period of time, usually in order to become drunk

- Binge drinking is an increasing problem among young people.

freshman /ˈfreʃmən/ ●○○ noun (plural freshmen /-mən/) [countable] American English 

a student in the first year of high school or university

Grammar

Countable or uncountable?

• News is an uncountable noun and is followed by a singular verb:

The news was not very good.

• News is used with the singular form of words such as this and that:

He was shocked when he heard this news.

✗Don’t say: these news

sleep‧o‧ver /ˈsliːpəʊvə $ -oʊvər/ noun [countable] 

a party for children in which they stay the night at someone’s house

Register

In everyday English, people usually say go with or come with someone rather than accompany someone:

Do you want me to go with you to the station?

She came with me to church.

Be well-off

Homework: reading activity, p. 94

SHOT

PHOTOGRAPH [countable] a photograph SYN picture

shot of

- a close-up shot of a demonstrator being beaten by a policeman

- I managed to get some good shots of the carnival.

- We hired a photographer to take some publicity shots.

- action shots of football players (=ones taken of people while they are moving)

snap‧shot /ˈsnæpʃɒt $ -ʃɑːt/ noun [countable] 

1 a photograph taken quickly and often not very skilfully SYN snap

snapshot of

- a snapshot of his girlfriend

caught /kɔːt/ UK  US   pasado & participio de catch